fix(fleet): activate the lease broker at install/start, place units through symlinks safely, refuse doomed launches (#1292)

Wall 6: no documented path ever enabled or started the shipped
mosaic-lease-broker.service — every gated runtime died ~4s in at lease
registration while fleet start reported rc0, and a broker not in the
reconciler plan could not be reported as drifted.

Activation lands in the control plane, not the launcher:

- fleet install places ALL FOUR units through placeUnitFile — a placement
  helper that unlinks any by-path-enable symlink at the destination
  BEFORE copying (Node copyFile follows the link and overwrites the SEED
  template; measured on a throwaway systemd user instance 2026-08-17,
  with both cp and fs.copyFile), removes a stale wants-symlink pointing
  outside the active dir (readlink — readFile returns the target's
  content, not the link path), then copies and daemon-reloads. The same
  measurement showed systemctl enable <name> does NOT rewrite an existing
  by-path wants-symlink — reconciliation must be explicit. Idempotent:
  second install on by-path residue converges to the identical state.
  Until now the copy block named three units and omitted the broker, and
  the residue set / copy set were disjoint only by accident (fomo-lin
  survived copy-through because its one symlink was the one unit not
  copied); adding the broker made them intersect on first run. See the
  SET-INDEPENDENCE note on the helper before adding a fifth unit.
- enableFleetUnits enables the broker first, alongside the holder.
- fleet start / reconciler start the broker BEFORE any holder/agent
  lifecycle effect, then RE-CHECK the socket (not unit state) and exit
  nonzero with a named code if it did not appear. Re-probed on every
  invocation — a RemainAfterExit=yes dead-looking-active unit can never
  make retry look like repair (the sticky-retry check).
- The reconciler plan carries broker {unitInstalled, socketPresent} as a
  first-class member; the socket is the signal (enabled-but-dead units
  report socketPresent=false).
- start-agent-session.sh preflights the broker socket BEFORE any tmux
  effect (moved ahead of the ownership probe): absent -> exit 75
  (EX_TEMPFAIL), named refusal with socket path and remedy, no doomed
  pane. The agent@ unit is Type=oneshot with no Restart=, so the message
  survives instead of looping. The preflight detects and refuses; it
  never starts the broker.
- mosaic doctor's lease check names one convention-neutral remedy:
  'mosaic fleet install (it reconciles either enable convention)' —
  written from the measurement; teaching a manual systemctl line could
  leave a host with competing wants-symlinks.

Tests: fleet-place-unit.spec.ts (8: clean-host negative control,
by-path residue -> seed bytes AND mtime unchanged [the finding-2 check],
wants-residue cleared, idempotence single + double-install convergence);
fleet.spec.ts broker-first enable ordering, refused start emits no
holder/agent calls, second-start re-probe; reconciler broker plan member
(enabled-but-dead shape) + broker-before-agent ordering in both command
and apply paths; test-agent-session-broker-preflight.sh (CI-fit: fake
tmux, real unix socket at a short /tmp path — AF_UNIX caps at 108 bytes,
hermetic env; absent -> exit 75 + no tmux session, live socket passes,
explicit env wins, --stop not fenced). 1563/1563 vitest, lint, root
build 25/25, root typecheck 45/45.

Sabotage controls: placement unlink removed -> exactly the seed-integrity
test reddens (1/8); socket re-check disabled -> exactly the two preflight
specs redden; shell preflight removed -> the bash suite reddens (6 FAIL
assertions, rc=1). All restored byte-identically (sha256-verified), all
green again.

Test 6 (greenfield 1124, seat alive 2min + second fleet start) runs on
sandbox after daphne's baseline, coordinated with fred.

Note: the preflight uses exit 75 measured against the unit's Restart=
policy (oneshot, none) — no restart loop.

packages/mosaic/framework/install.sh

@@ -35,6 +35,18 @@ SOURCE_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" && pwd)"
 TARGET_DIR="${MOSAIC_HOME:-$HOME/.config/mosaic}"
 INSTALL_MODE="${MOSAIC_INSTALL_MODE:-prompt}"
 
+# Normalize the ambient umask so directory modes are a property of the installer
+# and not of whatever shell invoked it (#1236). Debian/Ubuntu ship umask 002, so
+# every `mkdir -p` below yielded 0775 — and the fleet env boundary rejects any
+# managed directory with `mode & 0o022`, which made `mosaic fleet init --write`
+# impossible on a stock install of those distros. Fedora/RHEL ship 022 and did
+# not trip it, so the product worked or did not depending on the operator's
+# login shell. 022 is what this script already assumes it produces: see the
+# umask note in make_durable_snapshot, which restores to the ambient value
+# precisely so "every later sync copy and new framework dir" gets 0644/0755.
+# Now that value is 022 rather than whatever was inherited.
+umask 022
+
 # Deliberately parsed from "$@" (a real, explicit, per-invocation argument) —
 # never an environment variable — so this opt-out can never sit silently
 # inherited in a shell profile. See #869 Point-1 C2.
@@ -696,6 +708,52 @@ sync_framework
 mkdir -p "$TARGET_DIR/memory"
 mkdir -p "$TARGET_DIR/credentials"
 
+# Three directories must be 0700, not merely not-group-writable (#1236).
+# The fleet code guards them with two different masks in two different
+# languages, and the strict one wins:
+#
+#   assertPrivateManagedDirectory (fleet-reconciler.js, `mode & 0o077`)
+#       -> MOSAIC_HOME and MOSAIC_HOME/fleet, checked before the roster lock is
+#          taken, so every mutating `mosaic fleet` command dies at 0755.
+#   assert_private_directory (tools/fleet/start-agent-session.sh, `mode & 077`)
+#       -> MOSAIC_HOME/fleet/agents, checked before a pane is ever spawned.
+#
+# Their laxer siblings (`mode & 0o022`) accept 0755, which is why normalizing
+# the umask above is necessary and not sufficient — a correct umask-022 install
+# still produces 0755 and still cannot run `mosaic fleet init --write`. Say the
+# strict modes outright rather than inferring them from a umask.
+#
+# Only these. The rest of the tree is content, stays 0755, and is only ever
+# reached by the 0o022 checks, which 0755 satisfies.
+chmod 700 "$TARGET_DIR" 2>/dev/null || \
+  warn "Could not set 0700 on $TARGET_DIR — 'mosaic fleet' mutations will fail as unsafe-permissions."
+if [[ -d "$TARGET_DIR/fleet" ]]; then
+  chmod 700 "$TARGET_DIR/fleet" 2>/dev/null || \
+    warn "Could not set 0700 on $TARGET_DIR/fleet — 'mosaic fleet' mutations will fail as unsafe-permissions."
+fi
+# fleet/agents does not exist on a first install — the CLI creates it 0700 on
+# demand. It is chmod'd here for the UPGRADE case: a tree built under umask 002
+# has it at 0775, and the repair sweep below cannot rescue it, because stripping
+# group/other write from 0755 leaves 0750 and `mode & 077` is still non-zero.
+if [[ -d "$TARGET_DIR/fleet/agents" ]]; then
+  chmod 700 "$TARGET_DIR/fleet/agents" 2>/dev/null || \
+    warn "Could not set 0700 on $TARGET_DIR/fleet/agents — agent sessions will fail to start as unsafe-permissions."
+fi
+# credentials/ holds secrets and was never meant to be group-readable either.
+# It is not on the fleet boundary, so a failure here breaks nothing — but it is
+# the one directory where a silently-failed chmod leaves secrets group-readable,
+# which is precisely the failure worth a line in the output.
+chmod 700 "$TARGET_DIR/credentials" 2>/dev/null || \
+  warn "Could not set 0700 on $TARGET_DIR/credentials — stored secrets may be readable by other users on this host."
+
+# Repair an existing tree. The umask above only governs directories this run
+# creates, so a host installed under umask 002 before this fix keeps its 0775
+# dirs through every upgrade and stays broken. Strips group/other WRITE only —
+# never read or execute — so it can repair the boundary violation without
+# changing who can traverse or read anything. Scoped to directories: file modes
+# are the manifest's business, not this fix's.
+find "$TARGET_DIR" -type d -perm /022 -exec chmod go-w {} + 2>/dev/null || true
+
 # Reconcile contract files from defaults/ into the framework root: framework-owned
 # files (CONSTITUTION/AGENTS/STANDARDS) are overwritten every upgrade (a divergent
 # copy is backed up once); user-seeded files (TOOLS) are written on first install only.

packages/mosaic/framework/systemd/user/mosaic-agent@.service

@@ -4,6 +4,14 @@ Documentation=https://git.mosaicstack.dev/mosaicstack/stack
 Requires=mosaic-tmux-holder.service
 After=mosaic-tmux-holder.service
 PartOf=mosaic-tmux-holder.service
+# Do not attempt a seat before its generated env exists. `install` enables this
+# unit (WantedBy=default.target) but on a roster-v2 fleet the reconciler owns the
+# generated env, so between `install` and the first `apply`/`regen --write` there
+# is a boot window where ExecStart would run against an absent env file and the
+# launcher would fail the unit. A skipped unit is the honest state for "enabled
+# but not yet configured"; systemd re-evaluates the condition on every start, so
+# the seat comes up on the next start once the reconciler has written env.
+ConditionPathExists=%h/.config/mosaic/fleet/agents/%i.env.generated
 
 [Service]
 Type=oneshot

packages/mosaic/framework/systemd/user/test-fleet-units.sh

@@ -128,6 +128,14 @@ EOF
 sleep 30
 EOF
   chmod 700 "$AGENT_BIN/mosaic"
+  # The launcher resolves the roster's runtime against PANE_PATH before it
+  # spawns anything (#1241), so the runtime this projection names has to be
+  # present here even though the fake `mosaic` above never execs it.
+  cat > "$AGENT_BIN/pi" <<'EOF'
+#!/bin/sh
+sleep 30
+EOF
+  chmod 700 "$AGENT_BIN/pi"
   server_environment_before=$(tmux -L "$TEST_SOCKET" show-environment -g | sort)
   server_sessions_before=$(tmux -L "$TEST_SOCKET" list-sessions | sort)
   if /usr/bin/env -i HOME="$HOLDER_HOME" PATH=/usr/bin:/bin MOSAIC_HOME="$AGENT_HOME" \

packages/mosaic/framework/tools/_scripts/mosaic-doctor

@@ -225,6 +225,54 @@ else
   warn "mosaic-ensure-sequential-thinking helper missing"
 fi
 
+# Fleet transport binary (#1240).
+#
+# `mosaic fleet --help` reads "Manage the local Mosaic tmux fleet" and every
+# roster the CLI scaffolds sets `transport: tmux`, but nothing in the install
+# path provides tmux and, until now, nothing here noticed it was absent. On a
+# greenfield host that produced a fleet which installed clean, started clean,
+# and had no live seat; `mosaic fleet ps` was the operator's first and only
+# signal that anything was wrong.
+#
+# The roster's own `transport:` is read rather than assumed, so a host that
+# declares something other than tmux is told about the binary it actually
+# needs. Absent a roster the check still runs — `mosaic fleet init` will
+# scaffold a tmux fleet on this host, and finding out beforehand is the point.
+#
+# `tools/install.sh` carries a deliberately parallel check at the end of its
+# summary. The two are separate because the installer must be able to say this
+# before the framework's own scripts are guaranteed to be on disk; keep their
+# wording in step.
+fleet_declared_transport() {
+  local roster="$MOSAIC_HOME/fleet/roster.yaml"
+  local declared=""
+
+  if [[ -f "$roster" ]]; then
+    declared="$(sed -n 's/^[[:space:]]*transport:[[:space:]]*//p' "$roster" | head -1 |
+      tr -d '"'\''' | tr -d '\r' | awk '{print $1}')"
+  fi
+
+  printf '%s\n' "${declared:-tmux}"
+}
+
+check_fleet_transport() {
+  local transport
+  transport="$(fleet_declared_transport)"
+
+  if command -v "$transport" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+    pass "Fleet transport available: $transport"
+    return
+  fi
+
+  if [[ -f "$MOSAIC_HOME/fleet/roster.yaml" ]]; then
+    warn "Fleet transport '$transport' is not installed — this host has a roster and no seat can launch. Install it (e.g. sudo apt-get install -y $transport), then 'mosaic fleet start'."
+  else
+    warn "Fleet transport '$transport' is not installed — 'mosaic fleet' cannot run seats here. Install it (e.g. sudo apt-get install -y $transport) before 'mosaic fleet init'."
+  fi
+}
+
+check_fleet_transport
+
 # Legacy migration surfaces should no longer contain symlink trees.
 legacy_paths=(
   "$HOME/.claude/agent-guides"

packages/mosaic/framework/tools/_scripts/test-fleet-transport-check.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,215 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# Covers the #1240 fleet-transport checks in `mosaic-doctor` and in
+# `tools/install.sh`.
+#
+# Both checks answer the same question — "can a seat actually launch on this
+# host?" — from two different places, because the installer has to be able to
+# answer it before the framework's own scripts are guaranteed to be on disk.
+# Two implementations of one rule is exactly the shape that drifts, so this
+# harness drives BOTH, in one file, from the same table of cases.
+#
+# The functions are extracted from the shipped scripts rather than copied here.
+# A test that carries its own copy of the logic is a test that keeps passing
+# after the shipped copy changes — the failure mode this whole change is about.
+# Extraction is by exact function header and a closing brace in column one; if
+# either script is reshaped so that stops matching, the extraction yields
+# nothing and this fails loudly instead of silently measuring an empty string.
+set -euo pipefail
+
+SCRIPT_DIR=$(cd -- "$(dirname -- "$0")" && pwd)
+DOCTOR="$SCRIPT_DIR/mosaic-doctor"
+# framework/tools/_scripts -> framework/tools -> framework -> mosaic -> packages -> repo
+INSTALLER=$(cd -- "$SCRIPT_DIR/../../../../.." && pwd)/tools/install.sh
+
+fail() {
+  echo "FAIL: $*" >&2
+  exit 1
+}
+
+[ -f "$DOCTOR" ] || fail "missing mosaic-doctor at $DOCTOR"
+[ -f "$INSTALLER" ] || fail "missing install.sh at $INSTALLER"
+
+ROOT=$(mktemp -d)
+trap 'rm -rf "$ROOT"' EXIT
+
+# The cases below run with PATH set to a directory that deliberately does not
+# contain a shell, and a PATH assignment on a command also governs how that
+# command is looked up — so bash has to be named absolutely or it becomes the
+# thing that is missing.
+BASH_BIN=$(command -v bash) || fail "host is missing 'bash'"
+
+# A PATH containing exactly the utilities these functions use and nothing else.
+# The absent-transport cases are only meaningful on a PATH where the transport
+# is genuinely unresolvable, and this host (like most) has tmux in /usr/bin —
+# so the system path cannot be part of the path under test.
+FAKE_BIN="$ROOT/bin"
+mkdir -p "$FAKE_BIN"
+for utility in sed head tr awk; do
+  utility_path=$(command -v "$utility") || fail "host is missing '$utility'"
+  ln -s "$utility_path" "$FAKE_BIN/$utility"
+done
+
+if PATH="$FAKE_BIN" command -v tmux >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+  fail "'tmux' is resolvable on the minimal test path; absent-transport cases are not measurable"
+fi
+
+# Extract a function by its exact header, up to a closing brace in column one.
+extract_function() {
+  local source_file="$1"
+  local function_name="$2"
+  local destination="$3"
+
+  awk -v name="$function_name" '
+    $0 == name "() {" { collecting = 1 }
+    collecting { print }
+    collecting && $0 == "}" { exit }
+  ' "$source_file" > "$destination"
+
+  grep -qF "$function_name() {" "$destination" ||
+    fail "could not extract '$function_name' from $source_file — has it been renamed or reshaped?"
+  # An unterminated extraction would be a syntax error the moment it is sourced,
+  # but saying so here names the cause instead of leaving a bash parse error.
+  bash -n "$destination" ||
+    fail "extracted '$function_name' does not parse; the closing brace was probably not found"
+}
+
+extract_function "$DOCTOR" fleet_declared_transport "$ROOT/doctor-declared.sh"
+extract_function "$DOCTOR" check_fleet_transport "$ROOT/doctor-check.sh"
+extract_function "$INSTALLER" check_fleet_transport "$ROOT/installer-check.sh"
+
+# Build a MOSAIC_HOME, optionally with a roster declaring a transport.
+make_home() {
+  local home="$ROOT/$1"
+  local declared="${2-}"
+
+  rm -rf "$home"
+  mkdir -p "$home"
+  if [ -n "$declared" ]; then
+    mkdir -p "$home/fleet"
+    cat > "$home/fleet/roster.yaml" <<EOF
+version: 2
+generation: 1
+transport: $declared
+agents: []
+EOF
+  fi
+  printf '%s\n' "$home"
+}
+
+# Run the doctor's check against a given home and path, capturing which
+# reporter the check chose. The real `pass` prints only under `--verbose` and
+# the real `warn` always prints; these stubs make both unconditional on
+# purpose, because what is under test is the severity the check selects, not
+# whether the default verbosity happens to show it. A check that warned where
+# it should pass would otherwise be invisible here.
+run_doctor_check() {
+  local home="$1"
+  local path="$2"
+
+  MOSAIC_HOME="$home" PATH="$path" "$BASH_BIN" --noprofile --norc -c '
+    set -euo pipefail
+    warn() { echo "[WARN] $*"; }
+    pass() { echo "[OK] $*"; }
+    MOSAIC_HOME="$1"
+    source "$2"
+    source "$3"
+    check_fleet_transport
+  ' _ "$home" "$ROOT/doctor-declared.sh" "$ROOT/doctor-check.sh" 2>&1
+}
+
+run_installer_check() {
+  local home="$1"
+  local path="$2"
+
+  MOSAIC_HOME="$home" PATH="$path" "$BASH_BIN" --noprofile --norc -c '
+    set -euo pipefail
+    warn() { echo "[WARN] $*"; }
+    C="" RESET=""
+    MOSAIC_HOME="$1"
+    source "$2"
+    check_fleet_transport
+  ' _ "$home" "$ROOT/installer-check.sh" 2>&1
+}
+
+# A transport that exists. Named tmux because that is what the default roster
+# declares; the binary never runs, it only has to resolve.
+PRESENT_BIN="$ROOT/present-bin"
+mkdir -p "$PRESENT_BIN"
+printf '#!/usr/bin/env bash\nexit 0\n' > "$PRESENT_BIN/tmux"
+chmod +x "$PRESENT_BIN/tmux"
+PATH_WITH_TMUX="$PRESENT_BIN:$FAKE_BIN"
+
+# ── absent, no roster ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+# Nothing has been configured yet, so the honest thing to point at is `init`.
+home=$(make_home no-roster)
+
+output=$(run_doctor_check "$home" "$FAKE_BIN")
+echo "$output" | grep -qF '[WARN]' || fail "doctor did not warn when tmux was absent"
+echo "$output" | grep -qF 'tmux' || fail "doctor warning did not name the transport"
+echo "$output" | grep -qF 'mosaic fleet init' || fail "doctor did not point a rosterless host at init"
+
+output=$(run_installer_check "$home" "$FAKE_BIN")
+echo "$output" | grep -qF '[WARN]' || fail "installer did not warn when tmux was absent"
+echo "$output" | grep -qF 'reports success and no seat comes up' ||
+  fail "installer warning did not say what the missing transport actually breaks"
+
+# ── absent, roster present ───────────────────────────────────────────────────
+# A configured fleet that cannot launch is a stronger statement than a
+# hypothetical one, and the message says so.
+home=$(make_home with-roster tmux)
+
+output=$(run_doctor_check "$home" "$FAKE_BIN")
+echo "$output" | grep -qF '[WARN]' || fail "doctor did not warn with a roster present and tmux absent"
+echo "$output" | grep -qF 'roster' || fail "doctor did not mention the roster it found"
+echo "$output" | grep -qF 'mosaic fleet start' || fail "doctor did not point a configured host at start"
+
+# ── present ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+# Silence from the installer, and a pass (not a warning) from the audit.
+for home_name in no-roster with-roster; do
+  home="$ROOT/$home_name"
+
+  output=$(run_doctor_check "$home" "$PATH_WITH_TMUX")
+  if echo "$output" | grep -qF '[WARN]'; then
+    fail "doctor warned about the transport while tmux was present ($home_name)"
+  fi
+  echo "$output" | grep -qF '[OK]' || fail "doctor did not record a pass with tmux present ($home_name)"
+
+  output=$(run_installer_check "$home" "$PATH_WITH_TMUX")
+  if [ -n "$output" ]; then
+    fail "installer was not silent with tmux present ($home_name): $output"
+  fi
+done
+
+# ── the roster declares something other than tmux ────────────────────────────
+# The roster is read, not assumed. A host that declares a different transport
+# is told about the binary it actually needs, and never about tmux — being sent
+# to install the wrong package is worse than no advice at all.
+home=$(make_home other-transport zellij)
+
+output=$(run_doctor_check "$home" "$PATH_WITH_TMUX")
+echo "$output" | grep -qF 'zellij' || fail "doctor ignored the roster's declared transport"
+if echo "$output" | grep -qF 'tmux'; then
+  fail "doctor named tmux for a host whose roster declares zellij"
+fi
+
+output=$(run_installer_check "$home" "$PATH_WITH_TMUX")
+echo "$output" | grep -qF 'zellij' || fail "installer ignored the roster's declared transport"
+if echo "$output" | grep -qF 'tmux'; then
+  fail "installer named tmux for a host whose roster declares zellij"
+fi
+
+# ── a quoted or trailing-comment transport value ─────────────────────────────
+# YAML permits both and neither is exotic; a check that installs `tmux"` or
+# reads `tmux # default` as a binary name would send the operator nowhere.
+home=$(make_home quoted-transport '"tmux"   # the only transport today')
+
+output=$(run_doctor_check "$home" "$PATH_WITH_TMUX")
+echo "$output" | grep -qF '[OK] Fleet transport available: tmux' ||
+  fail "doctor did not parse a quoted/commented transport value: $output"
+
+output=$(run_installer_check "$home" "$PATH_WITH_TMUX")
+if [ -n "$output" ]; then
+  fail "installer did not parse a quoted/commented transport value: $output"
+fi
+
+echo "ok - fleet transport checks (mosaic-doctor + install.sh)"

packages/mosaic/framework/tools/fleet/start-agent-session.sh

@@ -233,8 +233,36 @@ assert_owned_tmux_server() {
     fail "tmux server ownership or environment validation failed"
 }
 
-# Validate exact server ownership before querying, cleaning, or creating any
+# Lease-broker socket preflight (#1292). The gated runtime (`mosaic yolo …` →
-# managed session. An unmanaged or contaminated named socket is never repaired.
+# launch-runtime.py) registers with the broker or dies ~4 seconds in, with the
+# diagnostic invisible because tmux destroys the dead pane. This check runs
+# BEFORE any tmux effect — including the ownership probe below — so a host
+# without a broker produces a named, surviving refusal instead of a doomed
+# pane. Exit 75 (EX_TEMPFAIL), distinct from 64 (bad projection) and 69 (host
+# not ready for other reasons); the agent@ unit is Type=oneshot with no
+# Restart=, so the failed unit keeps its message instead of looping. Socket
+# resolution matches launch.ts's defaultLeaseBrokerSocket precedence exactly.
+# This preflight DETECTS and REFUSES — it never starts the broker (activation
+# belongs to the fleet control plane; a component that both detects and fixes
+# cannot be used to measure whether the fix worked).
+broker_socket_path() {
+  if [ -n "${MOSAIC_LEASE_BROKER_SOCKET:-}" ]; then
+    printf '%s\n' "$MOSAIC_LEASE_BROKER_SOCKET"
+    return 0
+  fi
+  local runtime_dir="${XDG_RUNTIME_DIR:-/run/user/$(id -u)}"
+  printf '%s\n' "${runtime_dir}/mosaic-lease/broker.sock"
+}
+
+if [ "$MODE" = "launch" ]; then
+  _broker_socket=$(broker_socket_path)
+  if [ ! -S "$_broker_socket" ]; then
+    echo "[fleet] FAIL_LAUNCH broker-absent: lease broker socket ${_broker_socket} missing; runtime launch denied (#1292)." >&2
+    echo "[fleet] remedy: systemctl --user enable --now mosaic-lease-broker.service  (or reinstall via: mosaic fleet install)" >&2
+    exit 75
+  fi
+fi
+
 assert_owned_tmux_server
 
 if [ "$MODE" = interaction ]; then
@@ -286,6 +314,36 @@ _build_runtime_bin_prefix() {
 MOSAIC_RUNTIME_BIN_PREFIX=$(_build_runtime_bin_prefix)
 PANE_PATH=${MOSAIC_RUNTIME_BIN_PREFIX:+${MOSAIC_RUNTIME_BIN_PREFIX}:}/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin
 
+# #1241. The pane runs `mosaic yolo <runtime>` under PANE_PATH with a cleared
+# environment. A binary missing from *that* path is a pane that dies in under a
+# second, inside a session nobody is attached to, with its diagnostic scrolled
+# into a pane tmux then destroys. Resolve both here, before any effect, where
+# the failure is still attributable to the thing that caused it.
+#
+# `mosaic yolo <runtime>` runs checkRuntime(runtime) and the binary it looks for
+# is named exactly like the runtime, so resolving the runtime name is the same
+# question the pane will ask a moment later — asked while an operator can still
+# see the answer.
+_resolve_in_pane_path() {
+  PATH="$PANE_PATH" command -v -- "$1" 2>/dev/null
+}
+
+# Exit 69 (EX_UNAVAILABLE): the seat cannot be provided. Distinguished from the
+# 64 (EX_USAGE) rejections above, which mean the projection itself was bad —
+# here the data is fine and the host is not ready. Callers tell the individual
+# cases apart by `code=`, the same way fail_env's many codes share exit 64.
+fail_launch() {
+  local code="$1"
+  shift
+  echo "ERROR: agent launch aborted: code=${code} agent=${AGENT_NAME} $*" >&2
+  exit 69
+}
+
+for required_binary in mosaic "$MOSAIC_AGENT_RUNTIME"; do
+  _resolve_in_pane_path "$required_binary" >/dev/null ||
+    fail_launch missing-binary "'${required_binary}' is not on the pane PATH (${PANE_PATH})"
+done
+
 _ensure_claude_workdir_trusted() {
   local workdir="$1"
   local resolved
@@ -384,6 +442,19 @@ if [ -n "$PANE_PID" ]; then
   _start_heartbeat_sidecar "$AGENT_NAME" "$PANE_PID" \
     "$MOSAIC_HEARTBEAT_RUN_DIR" "$MOSAIC_HEARTBEAT_INTERVAL" || \
     echo "WARNING: heartbeat sidecar could not be started for $AGENT_NAME" >&2
+elif _tmux has-session -t "=${AGENT_NAME}:0.0" 2>/dev/null; then
+  # #1241. Session present, no pane PID after a second of retries. Whatever this
+  # is, it is not a seat an operator can use, so it is not a success either.
+  fail_launch pane-pid-unresolved \
+    "tmux reports the session but no pane PID after 5 attempts"
 else
-  echo "WARNING: could not resolve pane PID for $AGENT_NAME — heartbeat sidecar not started" >&2
+  # #1241. This branch used to print a WARNING about the heartbeat sidecar and
+  # exit 0. It is not a heartbeat problem: tmux destroys a session when its pane
+  # command exits, so an absent session one second after new-session means the
+  # runtime died on startup. Reporting it as success is what let `fleet start`
+  # return 0 over three dead panes — the launcher knew, and said the wrong thing
+  # at the wrong severity to the wrong layer.
+  fail_launch pane-did-not-survive \
+    "the pane exited immediately and tmux destroyed the session;" \
+    "run 'mosaic yolo ${MOSAIC_AGENT_RUNTIME}' in ${MOSAIC_AGENT_WORKDIR} to see why"
 fi

packages/mosaic/framework/tools/fleet/test-agent-session-broker-preflight.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,216 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# CI-fit regression suite for the #1292 lease-broker socket preflight in
+# start-agent-session.sh.
+#
+# WHY THIS SUITE IS CI-FIT WHERE test-start-agent-session.sh IS NOT (#1017/#1270
+# context): that older suite's precondition is "the host does not have the pi
+# binary", which a CI image that ships pi violates — its guard correctly
+# refuses to report a pass there, so it is excluded from the chain. THIS suite
+# controls its own preconditions instead of inheriting them from the host: a
+# fake tmux on PATH, a fake mosaic on PATH, a real unix socket created in a
+# tmpdir, a hermetic env (env -i, fake HOME, GIT_CONFIG_GLOBAL severed). It
+# never depends on what the host has installed, so a green here means the same
+# thing on every host. Anyone adding cases: keep that property — no case may
+# depend on host state.
+#
+# The failure this suite is written down to catch (#1292): a seat launched on a
+# host with no lease broker dies ~4 seconds in at registration, with the
+# diagnostic invisible because tmux destroys the dead pane. The preflight runs
+# BEFORE any tmux effect and refuses with a NAMED code (exit 75, EX_TEMPFAIL)
+# so the message survives. The agent@ unit is Type=oneshot with no Restart=,
+# so a failed unit keeps its output instead of looping.
+#
+# Cases:
+#   1. absent socket -> exit 75, message names broker-absent + socket path +
+#      remedy, and NO tmux session was ever created (the doomed-pane half).
+#   2. present socket (real unix socket in tmpdir) -> proceeds PAST the
+#      preflight (the suite then stops at the next precondition, proving the
+#      preflight was not the refusal).
+#   3. explicit MOSAIC_LEASE_BROKER_SOCKET wins over XDG_RUNTIME_DIR default.
+#   4. --stop mode does NOT require the broker (teardown must not be fenced on
+#      a component whose absence is exactly what teardown may follow).
+#
+# Sabotage control, run by the developer (not in-suite): remove the preflight
+# block from start-agent-session.sh, re-run — case 1 fails (a tmux session is
+# created / exit is not 75), cases 2-4 still pass; restore byte-identically.
+
+set -euo pipefail
+
+SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" && pwd)"
+WORK_DIR="${MOSAIC_TEST_WORK_DIR:-$PWD/.mosaic-test-work/agent-session-broker-preflight}"
+FAKE_HOME="$WORK_DIR/home"
+BIN_DIR="$WORK_DIR/bin"
+ENV_DIR="$WORK_DIR/env"
+SOCK_DIR="$WORK_DIR/sockets"
+LOG_FILE="$WORK_DIR/tmux-calls.log"
+
+rm -rf "$WORK_DIR"
+# The script asserts a managed directory tree under MOSAIC_HOME: mosaic/,
+# mosaic/fleet/, mosaic/fleet/agents/ — private (0700/0750-style) modes, no
+# symlinks — plus a per-agent env projection. Build the full tree the launcher
+# expects so the suite reaches the BROKER preflight rather than dying at
+# environment validation.
+mkdir -p "$FAKE_HOME/.config/mosaic/fleet/agents" "$BIN_DIR" "$SOCK_DIR"
+chmod 700 "$FAKE_HOME/.config/mosaic" "$FAKE_HOME/.config/mosaic/fleet/agents"
+chmod 750 "$FAKE_HOME/.config/mosaic/fleet"
+cat > "$FAKE_HOME/.config/mosaic/fleet/agents/preflight-test.env.generated" <<'ENVEOF'
+MOSAIC_AGENT_NAME=preflight-test
+MOSAIC_AGENT_CLASS=worker
+MOSAIC_AGENT_RUNTIME=pi
+MOSAIC_AGENT_MODEL=
+MOSAIC_AGENT_REASONING=
+MOSAIC_AGENT_TOOL_POLICY=code
+MOSAIC_AGENT_WORKDIR=/tmp
+MOSAIC_TMUX_SOCKET=mosaic-fleet
+ENVEOF
+chmod 600 "$FAKE_HOME/.config/mosaic/fleet/agents/preflight-test.env.generated"
+
+# ─── Fake tmux: records every invocation; new-session marks the marker. ────
+: > "$LOG_FILE"
+cat > "$BIN_DIR/tmux" <<SH
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+printf 'tmux %s\n' "\$*" >> "$LOG_FILE"
+if [[ "\$*" == *new-session* ]]; then
+  echo "TMUX-NEW-SESSION-INVOKED" >> "$LOG_FILE"
+fi
+exit 0
+SH
+chmod +x "$BIN_DIR/tmux"
+
+# ─── Fake mosaic/pi binaries so the script proceeds past its own lookups. ───
+for bin in mosaic pi claude; do
+  printf '#!/usr/bin/env bash\nexit 0\n' > "$BIN_DIR/$bin"
+  chmod +x "$BIN_DIR/$bin"
+done
+
+# ─── Minimal launch environment the script expects. ────────────────────────
+# (Enough for the preflight to be reached; later stages will still fail in
+# case 2 — that is expected and asserted.)
+run_session_script() {
+  local mode="$1"; shift
+  (
+    cd "$WORK_DIR"
+    env -i HOME="$FAKE_HOME" PATH="$BIN_DIR:/usr/bin:/bin" \
+      GIT_CONFIG_GLOBAL=/dev/null GIT_CONFIG_SYSTEM=/dev/null \
+      MOSAIC_HOME="$FAKE_HOME/.config/mosaic" \
+      AGENT_NAME=preflight-test \
+      "$@" \
+      bash "$SCRIPT_DIR/start-agent-session.sh" $mode preflight-test
+  )
+}
+
+fail=0
+assert() {
+  local desc="$1" expected="$2" actual="$3"
+  if [[ "$expected" != "$actual" ]]; then
+    echo "FAIL: $desc — expected '$expected', got '$actual'" >&2
+    fail=1
+  fi
+}
+assert_contains() {
+  local desc="$1" haystack="$2" needle="$3"
+  [[ "$haystack" == *"$needle"* ]] || { echo "FAIL: $desc — missing '$needle' in: $haystack" >&2; fail=1; }
+}
+assert_not_contains() {
+  local desc="$1" haystack="$2" needle="$3"
+  if [[ "$haystack" == *"$needle"* ]]; then
+    echo "FAIL: $desc — must not contain '$needle'" >&2
+    fail=1
+  fi
+  return 0
+}
+
+# ─── 1. Absent socket → named refusal, NO tmux session. ────────────────────
+: > "$LOG_FILE"
+stderr_file="$WORK_DIR/stderr-1.tmp"
+set +e
+out=$(run_session_script "" MOSAIC_LEASE_BROKER_SOCKET="$SOCK_DIR/absent.sock" 2>"$stderr_file")
+rc=$?
+set -e
+assert "absent socket exit code" "75" "$rc"
+err=$(cat "$stderr_file")
+assert_contains "absent socket names the failure" "$err" "FAIL_LAUNCH broker-absent"
+assert_contains "absent socket names the socket path" "$err" "$SOCK_DIR/absent.sock"
+assert_contains "absent socket names a remedy" "$err" "mosaic fleet install"
+log1=$(cat "$LOG_FILE")
+assert_not_contains "absent socket must not create a tmux session" "$log1" "TMUX-NEW-SESSION-INVOKED"
+
+# ─── 2. Present socket → passes the preflight. ─────────────────────────────
+# Expected: ownership/env checks AFTER the preflight may refuse (fixture is
+# minimal by design); the assertion is only that the refusal is NOT
+# broker-absent and the exit is NOT 75.
+# Create a REAL unix socket: a detached python holder binds it and stays alive
+# for the duration (bash cannot create sockets; a foreground python would
+# close the socket on exit and -S on a closed-but-unlinked path fails). Written
+# as a script file + setsid nohup so no job-control/heredoc interaction with
+# set -e can silently kill the suite.
+# AF_UNIX binds cap at 108 path bytes; the suite's workdir exceeds that, so
+# the live socket lives at a SHORT path under /tmp (unique per run, cleaned
+# with the suite). The preflight takes its socket path explicitly, so this
+# stays fully controlled.
+LIVE_SOCK=$(mktemp -u /tmp/mosaic-preflight-XXXXXX.sock)
+trap 'rm -f "$LIVE_SOCK"' EXIT
+rm -f "$SOCK_DIR/live.sock" "$LIVE_SOCK"
+cat > "$SOCK_DIR/holder.py" <<'PY'
+import socket, sys, time
+path = sys.argv[1]
+s = socket.socket(socket.AF_UNIX, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
+s.bind(path)
+s.listen(1)
+time.sleep(120)
+PY
+python3 "$SOCK_DIR/holder.py" "$LIVE_SOCK" >/dev/null 2>"$SOCK_DIR/holder.err" &
+HOLDER_PID=$!
+# Wait for the socket object to exist (bind is near-instant, but do not race it).
+for _ in $(seq 1 50); do
+  [ -S "$LIVE_SOCK" ] && break
+  sleep 0.1
+done
+if [ ! -S "$LIVE_SOCK" ]; then
+  echo "FAIL: could not create live socket fixture (holder pid $HOLDER_PID)" >&2
+  ps -p "$HOLDER_PID" -o pid,stat,cmd --no-headers >&2 || echo "(holder exited)" >&2
+  cat "$SOCK_DIR/holder.err" >&2 || true
+  exit 1
+fi
+: > "$LOG_FILE"
+set +e
+out=$(run_session_script "" MOSAIC_LEASE_BROKER_SOCKET="$LIVE_SOCK" 2>"$WORK_DIR/stderr-2.tmp")
+rc=$?
+set -e
+# The preflight PASSED if the failure (whatever later stage refused) is NOT
+# the broker refusal, and tmux was reached or a later precondition named
+# something else.
+err2=$(cat "$WORK_DIR/stderr-2.tmp")
+assert_not_contains "live socket must not refuse broker-absent" "$err2" "broker-absent"
+if [[ "$rc" == "75" ]]; then
+  echo "FAIL: live socket — preflight still refused (exit 75) with a live socket" >&2
+  fail=1
+fi
+
+# ─── 3. Explicit socket env wins over XDG default. ─────────────────────────
+set +e
+out=$(run_session_script "" XDG_RUNTIME_DIR="$SOCK_DIR/no-runtime-here" MOSAIC_LEASE_BROKER_SOCKET="$SOCK_DIR/absent2.sock" 2>"$WORK_DIR/stderr-3.tmp")
+rc=$?
+set -e
+assert "explicit env wins (exit 75)" "75" "$rc"
+assert_contains "explicit env path named" "$(cat "$WORK_DIR/stderr-3.tmp")" "$SOCK_DIR/absent2.sock"
+
+# ─── 4. --stop is not fenced on the broker. ────────────────────────────────
+: > "$LOG_FILE"
+set +e
+out=$(run_session_script "--stop" MOSAIC_LEASE_BROKER_SOCKET="$SOCK_DIR/absent3.sock" 2>"$WORK_DIR/stderr-4.tmp")
+rc=$?
+set -e
+err4=$(cat "$WORK_DIR/stderr-4.tmp")
+assert_not_contains "--stop must not refuse broker-absent" "$err4" "broker-absent"
+if [[ "$rc" == "75" ]]; then
+  echo "FAIL: --stop — exit 75 means teardown was fenced on the broker" >&2
+  fail=1
+fi
+
+kill "$HOLDER_PID" 2>/dev/null || true
+
+if [[ "$fail" -eq 0 ]]; then
+  echo "start-agent-session lease-broker preflight regression passed"
+fi
+exit "$fail"

packages/mosaic/framework/tools/fleet/test-start-agent-session.sh

@@ -23,8 +23,26 @@ index=0
 if [ "${args[0]:-}" = -L ]; then index=2; fi
 case "${args[$index]:-}" in
   has-session)
+    # The holder always answers. MOSAIC_TEST_HELD_SESSIONS lets a case add
+    # other targets that should answer too — without it there is no way to
+    # model "tmux still reports the session" for a non-holder agent, and the
+    # launcher's pane-pid-unresolved branch is unreachable from this harness.
+    #
+    # A listed target answers only AFTER new-session, because the launcher asks
+    # this question twice about the same name: once before launching, where a
+    # yes means "already running, nothing to do, exit 0", and once after, where
+    # a yes means "the session survived". A shim that answered yes to both
+    # would short-circuit at the first and never reach the branch under test —
+    # it would look like coverage and measure the idempotency path instead.
     for argument in "${args[@]}"; do
       [ "$argument" = '=_holder:0.0' ] && exit 0
+      case " ${MOSAIC_TEST_HELD_SESSIONS:-} " in
+        *" $argument "*)
+          if tr '\0' '\n' < "${MOSAIC_TEST_TMUX_CALLS:?}" | grep -qxF new-session; then
+            exit 0
+          fi
+          ;;
+      esac
     done
     exit 1
     ;;
@@ -62,6 +80,30 @@ env -0 > "${MOSAIC_HOME:?}/fleet/pane-environment"
 SHIM
 chmod +x "$FAKE_BIN/mosaic"
 
+# The runtime the rosters below name. The launcher resolves it against PANE_PATH
+# before spawning (#1241), so it has to exist somewhere the pane would find it —
+# not merely on the launcher's own PATH.
+printf '#!/usr/bin/env bash\nexit 0\n' > "$FAKE_BIN/pi"
+chmod +x "$FAKE_BIN/pi"
+
+# PANE_PATH is derived partly from `npm config get prefix`. Left to the real npm
+# it would splice whatever the host has installed into the path under test, and
+# the missing-binary cases below would pass or fail by accident of the machine.
+cat > "$FAKE_BIN/npm" <<'SHIM'
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+printf '%s\n' "${MOSAIC_TEST_NPM_PREFIX:-/nonexistent}"
+SHIM
+chmod +x "$FAKE_BIN/npm"
+
+# PANE_PATH always ends in the system path. A host that installs these there can
+# not measure the missing-binary cases at all, and a green run would mean
+# nothing — so say so instead of passing.
+for host_binary in mosaic pi; do
+  if PATH=/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin command -v "$host_binary" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+    fail "host provides '$host_binary' in the system path; missing-binary cases are not measurable here"
+  fi
+done
+
 write_generated() {
   local home="$1"
   local agent="$2"
@@ -81,6 +123,19 @@ MOSAIC_TMUX_SOCKET=mosaic-test
 EOF
   chmod 600 "$home/fleet/agents/$agent.env.generated"
   mkdir -p "$home/work"
+  install_pane_binaries "$home"
+}
+
+# `$PANE_HOME/.npm-global/bin` is one of the prefixes the launcher folds into
+# PANE_PATH, so this is the pane's own view of "installed", distinct from the
+# launcher's PATH. Tests that need a binary *absent* remove it from here.
+install_pane_binaries() {
+  local pane_home="$1"
+  mkdir -p "$pane_home/.npm-global/bin"
+  local binary
+  for binary in mosaic pi; do
+    ln -sf "$FAKE_BIN/$binary" "$pane_home/.npm-global/bin/$binary"
+  done
 }
 
 run_start() {
@@ -88,6 +143,7 @@ run_start() {
   local agent="$2"
   HOME="$home" PATH="$FAKE_BIN:$PATH" MOSAIC_TEST_TMUX_CALLS="$TMUX_CALLS" \
     MOSAIC_TEST_PANE_PID="${MOSAIC_TEST_PANE_PID:-}" \
+    MOSAIC_TEST_HELD_SESSIONS="${MOSAIC_TEST_HELD_SESSIONS:-}" \
     MOSAIC_TEST_HOME="$home" \
     MOSAIC_TEST_FLEET_OWNER=123e4567-e89b-12d3-a456-426614174000 \
     MOSAIC_HOME="$home" "$START" "$agent"
@@ -98,7 +154,10 @@ run_start() {
 HOME_VALID="$ROOT/valid"
 AGENT_VALID="coder0"
 write_generated "$HOME_VALID" "$AGENT_VALID"
-run_start "$HOME_VALID" "$AGENT_VALID"
+# A live pane PID is part of what "valid launch" means. Until #1241 this case
+# ran with none, so the suite's one success path was itself a dead pane the
+# launcher reported as fine.
+MOSAIC_TEST_PANE_PID=$$ run_start "$HOME_VALID" "$AGENT_VALID"
 valid_args=$(tr '\0' '\n' < "$TMUX_CALLS")
 echo "$valid_args" | grep -qF new-session || fail "valid generated projection did not reach tmux"
 echo "$valid_args" | grep -qF 'mosaic' || fail "fixed mosaic launcher command missing"
@@ -245,6 +304,13 @@ PANE_BASH_ENV="$ROOT/pane-boundary.bash-env"
 printf 'MOSAIC_RUNTIME_BIN=%s\n' "$FAKE_BIN" > \
   "$HOME_PANE_BOUNDARY/fleet/agents/coder-pane-boundary.env.local"
 chmod 600 "$HOME_PANE_BOUNDARY/fleet/agents/coder-pane-boundary.env.local"
+# This case does not go through run_start, so its pane binaries come from
+# MOSAIC_RUNTIME_BIN=$FAKE_BIN in the env.local written above — not from the
+# symlinks install_pane_binaries planted under the generated home, which this
+# launcher never consults because HOME here is the trusted parent. That is a
+# legitimate resolution path, but it means dropping MOSAIC_RUNTIME_BIN from
+# this case on the belief that the symlinks cover it would break the #1241
+# binary check rather than exercise it.
 LD_PRELOAD='/not/loaded/by-clean-bootstrap.so' \
 BASH_ENV="$PANE_BASH_ENV" \
 MOSAIC_UNTRUSTED_SENTINEL='must-not-reach-pane' \
@@ -258,6 +324,7 @@ PATH="$PANE_STALE_PATH" \
     "MOSAIC_TEST_HOME=$PANE_TRUSTED_HOME" \
     MOSAIC_TEST_FLEET_OWNER=123e4567-e89b-12d3-a456-426614174000 \
     MOSAIC_TEST_EXECUTE_PANE=1 \
+    "MOSAIC_TEST_PANE_PID=$$" \
     "$START" coder-pane-boundary
 pane_args=$(tr '\0' '\n' < "$TMUX_CALLS")
 echo "$pane_args" | grep -qxF "HOME=$PANE_TRUSTED_HOME" || \
@@ -392,6 +459,75 @@ echo "$interaction_policy_args" | grep -qF 'new-session' && \
 echo "$output" | grep -qF 'operator interaction service requires runtime pi' || \
   fail "interaction pinned-policy check did not follow strict parsing"
 
+# #1241. The pane runs `mosaic yolo <runtime>` against PANE_PATH. A binary
+# missing from that path is a launch failure, and it has to be named before the
+# session is created — after it, the diagnostic dies with the pane.
+assert_missing_pane_binary_rejected() {
+  local binary="$1"
+  local home="$ROOT/missing-$binary"
+  local agent="coder-missing-$binary"
+  write_generated "$home" "$agent"
+  rm -f "$home/.npm-global/bin/$binary"
+
+  : > "$TMUX_CALLS"
+  local output
+  if output=$(MOSAIC_TEST_PANE_PID=$$ run_start "$home" "$agent" 2>&1); then
+    fail "launch succeeded with '$binary' absent from the pane PATH"
+  fi
+  echo "$output" | grep -qF 'code=missing-binary' || fail "missing '$binary' diagnostic missing"
+  echo "$output" | grep -qF "'$binary'" || fail "missing-binary diagnostic did not name $binary"
+  if tr '\0' '\n' < "$TMUX_CALLS" | grep -qF new-session; then
+    fail "launcher created a session it knew would die ($binary absent)"
+  fi
+}
+
+assert_missing_pane_binary_rejected mosaic
+assert_missing_pane_binary_rejected pi
+
+# #1241. tmux destroys a session when its pane command exits, so no pane PID a
+# second after new-session means the runtime died on startup. This used to be a
+# WARNING about the heartbeat sidecar followed by exit 0 — three layers above it
+# then reported a fleet that was not running.
+: > "$TMUX_CALLS"
+HOME_DEAD_PANE="$ROOT/dead-pane"
+write_generated "$HOME_DEAD_PANE" "coder-dead-pane"
+if output=$(MOSAIC_TEST_PANE_PID='' run_start "$HOME_DEAD_PANE" coder-dead-pane 2>&1); then
+  fail "launcher reported success over a pane that did not survive"
+fi
+echo "$output" | grep -qF 'code=pane-did-not-survive' || fail "dead-pane diagnostic missing"
+if echo "$output" | grep -qiF 'heartbeat'; then
+  fail "dead pane is still being reported as a heartbeat-sidecar problem"
+fi
+tr '\0' '\n' < "$TMUX_CALLS" | grep -qF new-session || \
+  fail "dead-pane case did not reach the launch it is measuring"
+
+# #1241, the other way a pane fails. Above, tmux destroyed the session and
+# has-session said so. Here the session is still there and no PID comes back
+# after the retries — a different fault (the pane is alive but unusable, or
+# tmux is answering inconsistently) that an operator has to be told apart from
+# a runtime that died on startup.
+#
+# This case exists because the branch that handles it shipped with nothing able
+# to reach it: the shim answered has-session only for the holder, so every
+# non-holder agent landed in the session-is-gone branch no matter what. A
+# defensive branch nothing exercises is the same shape as the bug this whole
+# change is about, one layer down.
+: > "$TMUX_CALLS"
+HOME_NO_PID="$ROOT/pane-no-pid"
+write_generated "$HOME_NO_PID" "coder-no-pid"
+if output=$(MOSAIC_TEST_PANE_PID='' MOSAIC_TEST_HELD_SESSIONS='=coder-no-pid:0.0' \
+  run_start "$HOME_NO_PID" coder-no-pid 2>&1); then
+  fail "launcher reported success over a session with no resolvable pane PID"
+fi
+echo "$output" | grep -qF 'code=pane-pid-unresolved' || \
+  fail "session-present/no-PID was not reported as pane-pid-unresolved: $output"
+if echo "$output" | grep -qF 'code=pane-did-not-survive'; then
+  fail "a session tmux still reports was diagnosed as a destroyed session"
+fi
+if echo "$output" | grep -qiF 'heartbeat'; then
+  fail "an unresolvable pane PID is still being reported as a heartbeat-sidecar problem"
+fi
+
 # Exact stop derives the socket exclusively from the validated generated
 # projection and ignores an ambient socket supplied by the caller.
 : > "$TMUX_CALLS"

packages/mosaic/framework/tools/quality/test-enumeration-exclusions.txt

@@ -32,10 +32,6 @@ packages/mosaic/framework/tools/tmux/test-send-message-socket.sh | requires a re
 packages/mosaic/framework/tools/tmux/test-send-message-verdict.sh | requires real tmux-pane fixtures on a throwaway socket; CI image ships no tmux; #1017 burndown (same condition as its sibling)
 
 # --- single-suite directories: unmeasured in CI ---
-packages/mosaic/framework/tools/fleet/test-start-agent-session.sh | unmeasured in CI image; stubs tmux via a fake bin dir, likely CI-fit; #1017 burndown
-packages/mosaic/framework/tools/glpi/test-list-http-status.sh | unmeasured in CI image; stub-based (#807 regression harness), likely CI-fit; #1017 burndown
-packages/mosaic/framework/tools/orchestrator/test-board-roll.sh | unmeasured in CI image; file-fixture based, likely CI-fit; #1017 burndown
-packages/mosaic/framework/tools/woodpecker/test-ci-wait-exit-matrix.sh | unmeasured in CI image; drives ci-wait.sh against a stub pipeline-status.sh, likely CI-fit; #1017 burndown
 
 # --- naming-boundary files the strict test-*.sh prefix cannot even name ---
 # (#1017: three independent censuses handled the microtest file three different
@@ -43,3 +39,20 @@ packages/mosaic/framework/tools/woodpecker/test-ci-wait-exit-matrix.sh | unmeasu
 # recorded judgement. These lines ARE that judgement, signed.)
 packages/mosaic/framework/tools/orchestrator/smoke-test.sh | behavior smoke checks for coord continue/run workflows, run manually by orchestrator seats; unmeasured in CI; #1017 burndown
 packages/mosaic/framework/tools/wake/validate-973/microtest-wake-assert.sh | #973 instrument self-test, run as a precondition of the validate-973 evidence procedure rather than as a standing CI suite; #1017 burndown candidate
+
+# --- tools/fleet: precondition is unsatisfiable in the CI image (#1271) ---
+# Signed by fred (sb-it-1-dt, 2026-08-16) at origin/next 476db12.
+# This suite asserts the launcher's behaviour when `mosaic` and `pi` are MISSING.
+# It shims fakes into $FAKE_BIN, but the constructed PANE_PATH always ends in the
+# real system path, so on a host that installs those binaries the missing-binary
+# cases cannot be measured at all. The suite's own guard (line 103) says so and
+# fails rather than reporting a pass it cannot back. That guard is correct.
+# The error was wiring the suite into CI: #1017 (c56483eb) enumerated it and
+# dropped this exclusion, and the CI image provides `pi` in the system path, so
+# it has failed on every pipeline since. Measured 2026-08-16 across pipelines
+# 2444 (#1256), 2438 (#1240) and 2441 (#1017-quality): exactly one FAIL line in
+# each full log, identical, this assertion; control `zzz-not-present-zzz` -> 0.
+# Burn-down and the full measurement are tracked in #1271; unwired by PR #1270.
+# Because test:framework-shell is one && chain and this sat at position 44 of 48,
+# the four suites after it had not run at all since the merge.
+packages/mosaic/framework/tools/fleet/test-start-agent-session.sh | precondition unsatisfiable in the CI image: asserts missing-binary behaviour, but PANE_PATH always ends in the system path and the image provides `pi` there; guard at line 103 fails by design rather than passing unmeasured. Burn down by controlling the tail of PANE_PATH inside the test. NOT by removing `pi` from the image: the CI image installs @earendil-works/[email protected] deliberately (measured in pipeline 2444's test-step log), and other suites depend on that pin. Burn-down tracked in #1271

packages/mosaic/package.json

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
     "lint": "eslint src",
     "typecheck": "tsc --noEmit",
     "test": "vitest run --passWithNoTests && pnpm run test:framework-shell",
-    "test:framework-shell": "bash framework/tools/quality/scripts/check-test-enumeration.sh && bash framework/tools/quality/scripts/test-check-test-enumeration.sh && python3 src/lease-broker/daemon_deadline_unittest.py && python3 src/lease-broker/normative_fragments_unittest.py && python3 src/lease-broker/promotion_binding_unittest.py && python3 src/lease-broker/promotion_trigger_unittest.py && python3 src/lease-broker/receipt_challenge_unittest.py && python3 src/lease-broker/context_recovery_unittest.py && python3 src/lease-broker/recovery_runtime_unittest.py && python3 src/lease-broker/recovery_b1_adversarial_unittest.py && python3 src/lease-broker/receipt_observer_client_unittest.py && python3 src/lease-broker/invariant_r_unittest.py && python3 src/lease-broker/framework_skill_portability_unittest.py && python3 src/mutator-gate/runtime_tools_unittest.py && python3 src/mutator-gate/runtime_launch_guard_unittest.py && python3 src/mutator-gate/version_coupling_unittest.py && python3 framework/tools/lease-broker/check-runtime-launches.py --root ../.. && bash framework/tools/codex/test-pr-diff-context.sh && bash framework/tools/qa/test-deps-preflight.sh && bash framework/tools/git/test-pr-review-gitea-comment.sh && bash framework/tools/git/test-pr-review-repo-host-override.sh && bash framework/tools/git/test-ci-queue-wait-branch-absent.sh && bash framework/tools/git/test-ci-queue-wait-tristate.sh && bash framework/tools/git/test-ci-queue-wait-github-checks.sh && bash framework/tools/git/test-pr-merge-queue-branch.sh && bash framework/tools/git/test-pr-merge-head-pin.sh && bash framework/tools/git/test-pr-merge-message-field.sh && bash framework/tools/git/test-git-credential-mosaic.sh && bash framework/tools/git/test-gitea-token-identity.sh && bash framework/tools/woodpecker/test-terminal-green-contract.sh && bash framework/tools/_scripts/test-install-ordering-guard.sh && bash framework/tools/_scripts/test-mosaic-init-rce.sh && bash framework/tools/tmux/agent-send.test.sh && bash framework/tools/wake/test-wake-store-ack.sh && bash framework/tools/wake/test-wake-store-enqueue-race.sh && bash framework/tools/wake/test-wake-digest-hmac.sh && bash framework/tools/wake/test-wake-digest-quarantine.sh && bash framework/tools/wake/test-wake-detector.sh && bash framework/tools/wake/test-wake-fn-oracle.sh && bash framework/tools/wake/test-wake-reconcile.sh && bash framework/tools/wake/test-wake-beacon.sh && bash framework/tools/wake/test-wake-preimage.sh && bash framework/tools/wake/test-wake-install.sh"
+    "test:framework-shell": "bash framework/tools/quality/scripts/check-test-enumeration.sh && bash framework/tools/quality/scripts/test-check-test-enumeration.sh && python3 src/lease-broker/daemon_deadline_unittest.py && python3 src/lease-broker/normative_fragments_unittest.py && python3 src/lease-broker/promotion_binding_unittest.py && python3 src/lease-broker/promotion_trigger_unittest.py && python3 src/lease-broker/receipt_challenge_unittest.py && python3 src/lease-broker/context_recovery_unittest.py && python3 src/lease-broker/recovery_runtime_unittest.py && python3 src/lease-broker/recovery_b1_adversarial_unittest.py && python3 src/lease-broker/receipt_observer_client_unittest.py && python3 src/lease-broker/invariant_r_unittest.py && python3 src/lease-broker/framework_skill_portability_unittest.py && python3 src/mutator-gate/runtime_tools_unittest.py && python3 src/mutator-gate/runtime_launch_guard_unittest.py && python3 src/mutator-gate/version_coupling_unittest.py && python3 framework/tools/lease-broker/check-runtime-launches.py --root ../.. && bash framework/tools/codex/test-pr-diff-context.sh && bash framework/tools/qa/test-deps-preflight.sh && bash framework/tools/git/test-pr-review-gitea-comment.sh && bash framework/tools/git/test-pr-review-repo-host-override.sh && bash framework/tools/git/test-ci-queue-wait-branch-absent.sh && bash framework/tools/git/test-ci-queue-wait-tristate.sh && bash framework/tools/git/test-ci-queue-wait-github-checks.sh && bash framework/tools/git/test-pr-merge-queue-branch.sh && bash framework/tools/git/test-pr-merge-head-pin.sh && bash framework/tools/git/test-pr-merge-message-field.sh && bash framework/tools/git/test-git-credential-mosaic.sh && bash framework/tools/git/test-gitea-token-identity.sh && bash framework/tools/woodpecker/test-terminal-green-contract.sh && bash framework/tools/_scripts/test-install-ordering-guard.sh && bash framework/tools/_scripts/test-mosaic-init-rce.sh && bash framework/tools/tmux/agent-send.test.sh && bash framework/tools/wake/test-wake-store-ack.sh && bash framework/tools/wake/test-wake-store-enqueue-race.sh && bash framework/tools/wake/test-wake-digest-hmac.sh && bash framework/tools/wake/test-wake-digest-quarantine.sh && bash framework/tools/wake/test-wake-detector.sh && bash framework/tools/wake/test-wake-fn-oracle.sh && bash framework/tools/wake/test-wake-reconcile.sh && bash framework/tools/wake/test-wake-beacon.sh && bash framework/tools/wake/test-wake-preimage.sh && bash framework/tools/wake/test-wake-install.sh && bash framework/tools/glpi/test-list-http-status.sh && bash framework/tools/orchestrator/test-board-roll.sh && bash framework/tools/woodpecker/test-ci-wait-exit-matrix.sh && bash framework/tools/_scripts/test-fleet-transport-check.sh"
   },
   "dependencies": {
     "@mosaicstack/brain": "workspace:*",

packages/mosaic/src/commands/fleet-place-unit.spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,177 @@
+import { lstat, mkdir, mkdtemp, readFile, rm, symlink, writeFile } from 'node:fs/promises';
+import { tmpdir } from 'node:os';
+import { join } from 'node:path';
+import { afterEach, describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
+
+import { placeUnitFile, resolveLeaseBrokerSocketForPreflight } from './fleet.js';
+
+/**
+ * Unit-placement regression harness for #1292.
+ *
+ * The two measured defects this suite pins:
+ *  1. `systemctl enable <name>` does NOT rewrite an existing by-path
+ *     wants-symlink — so placement must remove stale residue explicitly, and
+ *     acceptance asserts on the RESULTING SYMLINK TARGET, never on the enable
+ *     call's argument (asserting the call cannot see where the link ended up).
+ *  2. Node's copyFile FOLLOWS a by-path symlink at the destination and
+ *     overwrites the SEED template. Acceptance asserts on the SEED's bytes
+ *     AND mtime — unchanged — which is the only check that can redden for
+ *     finding 2. The symlink-target assertion catches finding 1; these are
+ *     different defects with different failure modes.
+ *
+ * Fixtures are entirely inside tmpdirs (source template, active systemd dir,
+ * wants dir) — no real host paths are touched by this suite.
+ */
+
+describe('placeUnitFile (#1292 unit placement)', () => {
+  const cleanup: string[] = [];
+  afterEach(async () => {
+    while (cleanup.length > 0) {
+      await rm(cleanup.pop()!, { recursive: true, force: true });
+    }
+  });
+
+  async function fixture() {
+    const root = await mkdtemp(join(tmpdir(), 'place-unit-'));
+    cleanup.push(root);
+    const seedDir = join(root, 'seed');
+    const activeDir = join(root, 'active');
+    await mkdir(seedDir, { recursive: true });
+    await mkdir(activeDir, { recursive: true });
+    const seedTemplate = join(seedDir, 'unit-under-test.service');
+    await writeFile(
+      seedTemplate,
+      '[Unit]\nDescription=seed template\n[Service]\nType=oneshot\nExecStart=/bin/true\n[Install]\nWantedBy=default.target\n',
+    );
+    const activeSource = join(root, 'active-source.service');
+    await writeFile(
+      activeSource,
+      '[Unit]\nDescription=active copy v2\n[Service]\nType=oneshot\nExecStart=/bin/true\n[Install]\nWantedBy=default.target\n',
+    );
+    return { root, seedDir, activeDir, seedTemplate, activeSource };
+  }
+
+  it('places a regular file on a clean host (negative control: no residue anywhere)', async () => {
+    const f = await fixture();
+    const result = await placeUnitFile(f.activeSource, f.activeDir, 'unit-under-test.service');
+    expect(result.unlinkedDestinationSymlink).toBe(false);
+    expect(result.removedStaleWantsSymlink).toBe(false);
+    const info = await lstat(join(f.activeDir, 'unit-under-test.service'));
+    expect(info.isSymbolicLink()).toBe(false);
+    expect(await readFile(join(f.activeDir, 'unit-under-test.service'), 'utf8')).toContain(
+      'active copy v2',
+    );
+    // Seed untouched by construction — but assert it, so the clean-host case
+    // cannot silently regress into seed-mutation.
+    expect(await readFile(f.seedTemplate, 'utf8')).toContain('seed template');
+  });
+
+  it('by-path residue: unlinks destination symlink, places the file, seed bytes AND mtime unchanged (finding 2)', async () => {
+    const f = await fixture();
+    const seedBefore = await readFile(f.seedTemplate, 'utf8');
+    const mtimeBefore = (await lstat(f.seedTemplate)).mtimeMs;
+    // The fomo-lin convention: by-path enable left a symlink AT the unit name
+    // pointing at the seed template, plus a wants-symlink doing the same.
+    await symlink(f.seedTemplate, join(f.activeDir, 'unit-under-test.service'));
+    const wantsDir = join(f.activeDir, 'default.target.wants');
+    await mkdir(wantsDir, { recursive: true });
+    await symlink(f.seedTemplate, join(wantsDir, 'unit-under-test.service'));
+
+    const result = await placeUnitFile(f.activeSource, f.activeDir, 'unit-under-test.service');
+    expect(result.unlinkedDestinationSymlink).toBe(true);
+    expect(result.removedStaleWantsSymlink).toBe(true);
+
+    // FINDING 2's check: the seed is byte-identical and its mtime did not move.
+    expect(await readFile(f.seedTemplate, 'utf8')).toBe(seedBefore);
+    expect((await lstat(f.seedTemplate)).mtimeMs).toBe(mtimeBefore);
+
+    // The destination is now a regular file carrying the ACTIVE content.
+    const destInfo = await lstat(join(f.activeDir, 'unit-under-test.service'));
+    expect(destInfo.isSymbolicLink()).toBe(false);
+    expect(await readFile(join(f.activeDir, 'unit-under-test.service'), 'utf8')).toContain(
+      'active copy v2',
+    );
+  });
+
+  it('by-path residue: no wants-symlink remains pointing at the seed (finding 1 residue cleared)', async () => {
+    const f = await fixture();
+    await symlink(f.seedTemplate, join(f.activeDir, 'unit-under-test.service'));
+    const wantsDir = join(f.activeDir, 'default.target.wants');
+    await mkdir(wantsDir, { recursive: true });
+    await symlink(f.seedTemplate, join(wantsDir, 'unit-under-test.service'));
+
+    await placeUnitFile(f.activeSource, f.activeDir, 'unit-under-test.service');
+
+    // After placement the stale wants link is GONE (enable-by-name recreates
+    // it correctly). A link still present must not point at the seed.
+    try {
+      const link = await lstat(join(wantsDir, 'unit-under-test.service'));
+      if (link.isSymbolicLink()) {
+        const target = await readFile(join(wantsDir, 'unit-under-test.service'), 'utf8').catch(
+          async () => '',
+        );
+        expect(target).not.toContain('seed template');
+      }
+    } catch {
+      // absent wants link — the expected post-placement state
+    }
+  });
+
+  it('idempotence: second placement on a reconciled host is a no-op producing the identical final state', async () => {
+    const f = await fixture();
+    // Reconciled starting state: regular file at the name, wants link to the active copy.
+    await writeFile(
+      join(f.activeDir, 'unit-under-test.service'),
+      await readFile(f.activeSource, 'utf8'),
+    );
+    const wantsDir = join(f.activeDir, 'default.target.wants');
+    await mkdir(wantsDir, { recursive: true });
+    await symlink(
+      join(f.activeDir, 'unit-under-test.service'),
+      join(wantsDir, 'unit-under-test.service'),
+    );
+    const before = await readFile(join(f.activeDir, 'unit-under-test.service'), 'utf8');
+
+    const result = await placeUnitFile(f.activeSource, f.activeDir, 'unit-under-test.service');
+    // No destructive step fired: no unlink, no wants removal.
+    expect(result.unlinkedDestinationSymlink).toBe(false);
+    expect(result.removedStaleWantsSymlink).toBe(false);
+    // Identical final state.
+    expect(await readFile(join(f.activeDir, 'unit-under-test.service'), 'utf8')).toBe(before);
+    const link = await lstat(join(wantsDir, 'unit-under-test.service'));
+    expect(link.isSymbolicLink()).toBe(true);
+  });
+
+  it('double install on by-path residue converges to the identical reconciled state', async () => {
+    const f = await fixture();
+    await symlink(f.seedTemplate, join(f.activeDir, 'unit-under-test.service'));
+    const wantsDir = join(f.activeDir, 'default.target.wants');
+    await mkdir(wantsDir, { recursive: true });
+    await symlink(f.seedTemplate, join(wantsDir, 'unit-under-test.service'));
+
+    await placeUnitFile(f.activeSource, f.activeDir, 'unit-under-test.service');
+    const first = await readFile(join(f.activeDir, 'unit-under-test.service'), 'utf8');
+    const secondRun = await placeUnitFile(f.activeSource, f.activeDir, 'unit-under-test.service');
+    const second = await readFile(join(f.activeDir, 'unit-under-test.service'), 'utf8');
+    expect(secondRun.unlinkedDestinationSymlink).toBe(false);
+    expect(second).toBe(first);
+  });
+});
+
+describe('resolveLeaseBrokerSocketForPreflight (#1292 preflight resolution)', () => {
+  it('explicit MOSAIC_LEASE_BROKER_SOCKET wins', () => {
+    expect(
+      resolveLeaseBrokerSocketForPreflight({ MOSAIC_LEASE_BROKER_SOCKET: '/custom/sock' }, 1000),
+    ).toBe('/custom/sock');
+  });
+  it('XDG_RUNTIME_DIR next', () => {
+    expect(resolveLeaseBrokerSocketForPreflight({ XDG_RUNTIME_DIR: '/run/user/1001' }, 1000)).toBe(
+      '/run/user/1001/mosaic-lease/broker.sock',
+    );
+  });
+  it('falls back to /run/user/<uid>', () => {
+    expect(resolveLeaseBrokerSocketForPreflight({}, 1002)).toBe(
+      '/run/user/1002/mosaic-lease/broker.sock',
+    );
+  });
+});

packages/mosaic/src/commands/fleet-roster-v2-dispatch.spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,323 @@
+import { execFile } from 'node:child_process';
+import { mkdir, mkdtemp, readFile, readdir, rm, stat, writeFile } from 'node:fs/promises';
+import { tmpdir } from 'node:os';
+import { join, resolve } from 'node:path';
+import { Command } from 'commander';
+import { afterEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest';
+import { registerFleetCommand, type CommandResult, type CommandRunner } from './fleet.js';
+
+/**
+ * #1237: the v1-only commands (`ps`, `install`, `install-systemd`, `add`,
+ * `remove`) rejected a roster-v2 fleet outright, so a greenfield v2 box could
+ * never get its units placed. These tests pin the three behaviours that fix
+ * gives it, and the two it deliberately does NOT give it.
+ *
+ * The load-bearing negative is that `install` on v2 writes no generated env:
+ * the reconciler owns that file through projectRosterV2AgentGeneratedEnv, and a
+ * second writer here — necessarily through the v1 mapping — is exactly the
+ * drift the #791 single-SSOT invariant exists to prevent.
+ */
+
+const rosterV2 = `
+version: 2
+generation: 4
+transport: tmux
+tmux:
+  socket_name: mosaic-fleet
+  holder_session: _holder
+defaults:
+  working_directory: /srv/mosaic
+  runtime: pi
+runtimes:
+  pi:
+    reset_command: /new
+agents:
+  - name: coder0
+    alias: Coder 0
+    class: code
+    runtime: pi
+    provider: openai
+    model: gpt-5.6-sol
+    reasoning: high
+    tool_policy: code
+    working_directory: /srv/mosaic
+    persistent_persona: false
+    reset_between_tasks: true
+    lifecycle:
+      enabled: true
+      desired_state: stopped
+    launch:
+      yolo: true
+  - name: coder1
+    alias: Coder 1
+    class: code
+    runtime: pi
+    provider: openai
+    model: gpt-5.6-sol
+    reasoning: medium
+    tool_policy: code
+    working_directory: /srv/other
+    persistent_persona: false
+    reset_between_tasks: true
+    lifecycle:
+      enabled: true
+      desired_state: stopped
+    launch:
+      yolo: true
+`;
+
+let tempHome: string | undefined;
+const savedHome = process.env.HOME;
+const savedMosaicHome = process.env.MOSAIC_HOME;
+
+afterEach(async (): Promise<void> => {
+  vi.restoreAllMocks();
+  process.exitCode = undefined;
+  if (savedHome === undefined) delete process.env.HOME;
+  else process.env.HOME = savedHome;
+  if (savedMosaicHome === undefined) delete process.env.MOSAIC_HOME;
+  else process.env.MOSAIC_HOME = savedMosaicHome;
+  if (tempHome) await rm(tempHome, { recursive: true, force: true });
+  tempHome = undefined;
+});
+
+/**
+ * A HOME with a roster-v2 fleet and nothing else — the greenfield shape, before
+ * anything has been installed, applied or started.
+ */
+async function v2Home(): Promise<string> {
+  tempHome = await mkdtemp(join(tmpdir(), 'mosaic-fleet-v2-dispatch-'));
+  process.env.HOME = tempHome;
+  delete process.env.MOSAIC_HOME;
+  const mosaicHome = join(tempHome, '.config', 'mosaic');
+  for (const directory of ['fleet', 'fleet/agents', 'fleet/roles']) {
+    await mkdir(join(mosaicHome, directory), { recursive: true, mode: 0o700 });
+  }
+  await writeFile(join(mosaicHome, 'fleet', 'roster.yaml'), rosterV2, { mode: 0o600 });
+  await writeFile(join(mosaicHome, 'fleet', 'roles', 'code.md'), '`class: code`\n\n# code\n', {
+    mode: 0o600,
+  });
+  return mosaicHome;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Stands in for a box where nothing is running: every systemctl and tmux probe
+ * fails the way it does before the holder has ever started. `ps` must survive
+ * this — it is the command an operator reaches for to find out *why* there is
+ * no seat, so it has to report the emptiness rather than fail on it.
+ */
+const greenfieldRunner: CommandRunner = async (command): Promise<CommandResult> => {
+  if (command === 'tmux') {
+    return { stdout: '', stderr: 'no server running on /tmp/tmux-1000/mosaic-fleet', exitCode: 1 };
+  }
+  return { stdout: '', stderr: '', exitCode: 1 };
+};
+
+function program(runner: CommandRunner = greenfieldRunner): Command {
+  const result = new Command();
+  result.exitOverride();
+  registerFleetCommand(result, { runner, frameworkRoot: resolve(process.cwd(), 'framework') });
+  return result;
+}
+
+function capture(): string[] {
+  const lines: string[] = [];
+  vi.spyOn(console, 'log').mockImplementation((value: string): void => {
+    lines.push(value);
+  });
+  return lines;
+}
+
+async function exists(path: string): Promise<boolean> {
+  try {
+    await stat(path);
+    return true;
+  } catch {
+    return false;
+  }
+}
+
+describe('mosaic fleet ps — roster v2', (): void => {
+  it('lists every v2 agent on a greenfield box with nothing running, and does not throw', async (): Promise<void> => {
+    await v2Home();
+    const lines = capture();
+
+    await expect(
+      program().parseAsync(['node', 'mosaic', 'fleet', 'ps', '--json']),
+    ).resolves.toBeDefined();
+
+    const rows = JSON.parse(lines.join('\n')) as {
+      name: string;
+      runtime: string;
+      alias?: string;
+      paneAlive: boolean;
+      source: string;
+    }[];
+    expect(rows.map((row) => row.name).sort()).toEqual(['coder0', 'coder1']);
+    // The v2 roster's per-agent fields must survive the read model, not be
+    // flattened into defaults.
+    expect(rows.every((row) => row.runtime === 'pi')).toBe(true);
+    expect(rows.find((row) => row.name === 'coder0')?.alias).toBe('Coder 0');
+    // Nothing is running, and that is a report, not an error.
+    expect(rows.every((row) => row.paneAlive === false)).toBe(true);
+    expect(rows.every((row) => row.source === 'roster')).toBe(true);
+    expect(process.exitCode ?? 0).toBe(0);
+  });
+});
+
+describe('mosaic fleet install — roster v2', (): void => {
+  it('places the tool files and unit templates', async (): Promise<void> => {
+    const mosaicHome = await v2Home();
+    capture();
+
+    await expect(
+      program().parseAsync(['node', 'mosaic', 'fleet', 'install', '--no-enable']),
+    ).resolves.toBeDefined();
+
+    // Units live in the systemd user dir, not under the Mosaic home.
+    const systemdUserDir = join(tempHome!, '.config', 'systemd', 'user');
+    for (const unit of [
+      'mosaic-tmux-holder.service',
+      '[email protected]',
+      '[email protected]',
+    ]) {
+      expect(await exists(join(systemdUserDir, unit))).toBe(true);
+    }
+    const launcher = join(mosaicHome, 'tools', 'fleet', 'start-agent-session.sh');
+    expect(await exists(launcher)).toBe(true);
+    expect((await stat(launcher)).mode & 0o777).toBe(0o755);
+  });
+
+  it('writes NO generated env — that file belongs to the reconciler (#791)', async (): Promise<void> => {
+    const mosaicHome = await v2Home();
+    capture();
+
+    await program().parseAsync(['node', 'mosaic', 'fleet', 'install', '--no-enable']);
+
+    const agentDir = join(mosaicHome, 'fleet', 'agents');
+    expect(await readdir(agentDir)).toEqual([]);
+  });
+
+  it('tells the operator which command does own the env', async (): Promise<void> => {
+    await v2Home();
+    const lines = capture();
+
+    await program().parseAsync(['node', 'mosaic', 'fleet', 'install', '--no-enable']);
+
+    expect(lines.join('\n')).toContain('mosaic fleet apply');
+  });
+});
+
+describe('[email protected]', (): void => {
+  const unitPath = resolve(process.cwd(), 'framework', 'systemd', 'user', '[email protected]');
+
+  /** The single `ConditionPathExists=` value declared by the unit template. */
+  async function conditionPath(): Promise<string> {
+    const unit = await readFile(unitPath, 'utf8');
+    const matches = unit.match(/^ConditionPathExists=(.+)$/gm) ?? [];
+    expect(matches).toHaveLength(1);
+    return matches[0]!.slice('ConditionPathExists='.length).trim();
+  }
+
+  it('will not attempt a seat before the reconciler has written its env', async (): Promise<void> => {
+    // The pairing that makes "install writes no env" safe: install enables the
+    // unit (WantedBy=default.target) but does not start it, so without this
+    // condition a reboot between `install` and the first `apply` would run
+    // ExecStart against an absent env file and fail every seat unit.
+    expect(await conditionPath()).toBe('%h/.config/mosaic/fleet/agents/%i.env.generated');
+  });
+
+  /**
+   * The two halves of the guard's *effect*, which no assertion on the literal
+   * string can cover on its own.
+   *
+   * Measured end to end on a real box (canary, 2026-08-16) rather than inferred:
+   * with the condition, `systemctl --user start mosaic-agent@<name>` on an agent
+   * with no generated env returns rc=0, `Result=success`, `ConditionResult=no`,
+   * and journals "skipped, unmet condition check". With the condition removed by
+   * drop-in and nothing else changed, the same start returns rc=1,
+   * `Result=exit-code`, `ExecMainStatus=64`, and the unit enters `failed`.
+   *
+   * systemd is not available in this suite, so these two tests pin the parts
+   * that can drift in code: the condition naming a *different* file than the one
+   * the fleet actually writes, and the launcher quietly becoming tolerant of an
+   * absent env — either of which turns the condition into decoration while the
+   * literal-string assertion above still passes.
+   */
+  it('guards exactly the file the fleet writes, so the two cannot drift apart', async (): Promise<void> => {
+    const mosaicHome = await v2Home();
+    const rendered = (await conditionPath()).replace('%h', tempHome!).replace('%i', 'coder0');
+
+    // The path an installed fleet actually places for this agent.
+    expect(rendered).toBe(join(mosaicHome, 'fleet', 'agents', 'coder0.env.generated'));
+  });
+
+  it('guards a real failure — the launcher rejects an absent generated env', async (): Promise<void> => {
+    await v2Home();
+    await program().parseAsync(['node', 'mosaic', 'fleet', 'install', '--no-enable']);
+
+    // Exactly what ExecStart runs, against the state the condition exists to
+    // catch: unit enabled, reconciler has not written env yet.
+    const launched = await new Promise<{ code: number | null; stderr: string }>((settle) => {
+      const child = execFile(
+        '/bin/bash',
+        [
+          '--noprofile',
+          '--norc',
+          join(tempHome!, '.config', 'mosaic', 'tools', 'fleet', 'start-agent-session.sh'),
+          'coder0',
+        ],
+        { env: { HOME: tempHome!, MOSAIC_AGENT_NAME: 'coder0', PATH: '/usr/bin:/bin' } },
+        (_error, _stdout, stderr) => {
+          settle({ code: child.exitCode, stderr });
+        },
+      );
+    });
+
+    expect(launched.code).not.toBe(0);
+    expect(launched.stderr).toContain('missing-file');
+  });
+});
+
+describe('mosaic fleet add / remove — roster v2', (): void => {
+  it('add refuses, and names the two-step v2 sequence instead of inventing defaults', async (): Promise<void> => {
+    await v2Home();
+
+    await expect(
+      program().parseAsync([
+        'node',
+        'mosaic',
+        'fleet',
+        'add',
+        'coder2',
+        '--runtime',
+        'pi',
+        '--class',
+        'code',
+      ]),
+    ).rejects.toThrow(/mosaic fleet create[\s\S]*mosaic fleet apply/);
+  });
+
+  it('remove refuses, and names delete plus apply', async (): Promise<void> => {
+    await v2Home();
+
+    await expect(
+      program().parseAsync(['node', 'mosaic', 'fleet', 'remove', 'coder1']),
+    ).rejects.toThrow(/mosaic fleet delete coder1[\s\S]*mosaic fleet apply/);
+  });
+
+  // Note: this one passes on the unmodified tree too — there `remove` throws in
+  // the v1 parser, before it can touch anything. It is a regression guard on the
+  // ordering of the new guard clause, not evidence that the fix works.
+  it('refuses BEFORE mutating the roster', async (): Promise<void> => {
+    const mosaicHome = await v2Home();
+    const rosterPath = join(mosaicHome, 'fleet', 'roster.yaml');
+    const before = await readFile(rosterPath, 'utf8');
+
+    await expect(
+      program().parseAsync(['node', 'mosaic', 'fleet', 'remove', 'coder1']),
+    ).rejects.toThrow();
+
+    expect(await readFile(rosterPath, 'utf8')).toBe(before);
+  });
+});

packages/mosaic/src/commands/fleet.spec.ts

@@ -835,13 +835,25 @@ describe('fleet command construction', () => {
     };
     const program = new Command();
     program.exitOverride();
-    registerFleetCommand(program, { runner, mosaicHome: home });
+    // #1292: inject a present broker socket so the preflight passes and this
+    // spec keeps testing its ORIGINAL property (holder-before-agent ordering).
+    // The preflight's own refusal behavior has dedicated specs below.
+    registerFleetCommand(program, {
+      runner,
+      mosaicHome: home,
+      checkBrokerSocket: async () => true,
+    });
 
     try {
       await program.parseAsync(['node', 'mosaic', 'fleet', 'start']);
       await program.parseAsync(['node', 'mosaic', 'fleet', 'stop']);
 
       expect(calls).toEqual([
+        // #1292: fleet start enables + starts the broker FIRST (enable is
+        // idempotent; the unit exists after install), re-checking the socket
+        // before any holder/agent lifecycle effect.
+        ['systemctl', '--user', 'enable', 'mosaic-lease-broker.service'],
+        ['systemctl', '--user', 'start', 'mosaic-lease-broker.service'],
         ['systemctl', '--user', 'start', 'mosaic-tmux-holder.service'],
         ['systemctl', '--user', 'start', '[email protected]'],
         ['systemctl', '--user', 'stop', '[email protected]'],
@@ -852,6 +864,92 @@ describe('fleet command construction', () => {
     }
   });
 
+  it('fleet start refuses with a named error when the broker socket does not appear (#1292)', async () => {
+    const home = await tempDir();
+    const rosterPath = join(home, 'fleet', 'roster.yaml');
+    await mkdir(join(home, 'fleet'), { recursive: true });
+    await writeFile(
+      rosterPath,
+      ['version: 1', 'transport: tmux', 'agents:', '  - name: coder0', '    runtime: codex'].join(
+        '\n',
+      ),
+    );
+    const calls: string[][] = [];
+    const runner: CommandRunner = async (command, args) => {
+      calls.push([command, ...args]);
+      return { stdout: '', stderr: '', exitCode: 0 };
+    };
+    const program = new Command();
+    program.exitOverride();
+    const errors: string[] = [];
+    const origError = console.error;
+    console.error = (...args: unknown[]) => {
+      errors.push(args.join(' '));
+    };
+    registerFleetCommand(program, {
+      runner,
+      mosaicHome: home,
+      checkBrokerSocket: async () => false,
+    });
+    try {
+      await program.parseAsync(['node', 'mosaic', 'fleet', 'start']);
+      // Refused: no holder/agent starts were issued after the broker attempt.
+      expect(calls).toEqual([
+        ['systemctl', '--user', 'enable', 'mosaic-lease-broker.service'],
+        ['systemctl', '--user', 'start', 'mosaic-lease-broker.service'],
+      ]);
+      expect(errors.join('\n')).toContain('broker-absent');
+      expect(errors.join('\n')).toContain('mosaic fleet install');
+    } finally {
+      console.error = origError;
+      await rm(home, { recursive: true, force: true });
+    }
+  });
+
+  it('fleet start re-probes the broker on the SECOND invocation — no ActiveState trust (#1292 sticky half)', async () => {
+    const home = await tempDir();
+    const rosterPath = join(home, 'fleet', 'roster.yaml');
+    await mkdir(join(home, 'fleet'), { recursive: true });
+    await writeFile(
+      rosterPath,
+      ['version: 1', 'transport: tmux', 'agents:', '  - name: coder0', '    runtime: codex'].join(
+        '\n',
+      ),
+    );
+    const calls: string[][] = [];
+    const runner: CommandRunner = async (command, args) => {
+      calls.push([command, ...args]);
+      return { stdout: '', stderr: '', exitCode: 0 };
+    };
+    const program = new Command();
+    program.exitOverride();
+    // Broker socket NEVER appears — the second start must refuse exactly like
+    // the first; RemainAfterExit-style stale unit state changes nothing
+    // because the check is the socket, not systemctl.
+    registerFleetCommand(program, {
+      runner,
+      mosaicHome: home,
+      checkBrokerSocket: async () => false,
+    });
+    const errors: string[] = [];
+    const origError = console.error;
+    console.error = (...args: unknown[]) => {
+      errors.push(args.join(' '));
+    };
+    try {
+      await program.parseAsync(['node', 'mosaic', 'fleet', 'start']);
+      await program.parseAsync(['node', 'mosaic', 'fleet', 'start']);
+      // Two invocations, each refusing after its own broker attempt:
+      expect(
+        calls.filter((c) => c.join(' ') === 'systemctl --user start [email protected]'),
+      ).toHaveLength(0);
+      expect(errors.filter((e) => e.includes('broker-absent')).length).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(2);
+    } finally {
+      console.error = origError;
+      await rm(home, { recursive: true, force: true });
+    }
+  });
+
   it('waits for an in-flight restart to clear before relaunching (re-entry guard)', async () => {
     const home = await tempDir();
     const rosterPath = join(home, 'fleet', 'roster.yaml');
@@ -2065,8 +2163,19 @@ describe('fleet install — auto-enable units for boot-survival', () => {
 
     await enableFleetUnits(runner, minimalRoster, {});
 
+    expect(calls).toContainEqual(['systemctl', '--user', 'enable', 'mosaic-lease-broker.service']);
     expect(calls).toContainEqual(['systemctl', '--user', 'enable', 'mosaic-tmux-holder.service']);
     expect(calls).toContainEqual(['systemctl', '--user', 'enable', '[email protected]']);
+    // The broker must be enabled BEFORE the holder and agents: a start of any
+    // gated runtime without the broker is exactly the #1292 4-second death.
+    const brokerIndex = calls.findIndex(
+      (c) => c.join(' ') === 'systemctl --user enable mosaic-lease-broker.service',
+    );
+    const holderIndex = calls.findIndex(
+      (c) => c.join(' ') === 'systemctl --user enable mosaic-tmux-holder.service',
+    );
+    expect(brokerIndex).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(0);
+    expect(brokerIndex).toBeLessThan(holderIndex);
   });
 
   it('install still succeeds when systemctl enable returns non-zero (non-fatal)', async () => {

packages/mosaic/src/commands/fleet.ts

@@ -3,9 +3,11 @@ import {
   access,
   chmod,
   copyFile,
+  lstat,
   mkdir,
   open,
   readFile,
+  readlink,
   stat,
   unlink,
   writeFile,
@@ -34,6 +36,7 @@ export {
   resolveInstalledFleetRosterPath,
 } from '../fleet/fleet-roster-v1.js';
 export type { FleetAgent, FleetRoster } from '../fleet/fleet-roster-v1.js';
+import { parseRosterV2 } from '../fleet/roster-v2.js';
 import {
   registerFleetAgentCrudCommands,
   type FleetAgentCrudCommandDeps,
@@ -88,6 +91,8 @@ export type SleepFn = (ms: number) => Promise<void>;
 
 export interface FleetCommandDeps {
   runner?: CommandRunner;
+  /** Test seam for the #1292 fleet-start broker preflight (socket presence). */
+  checkBrokerSocket?: (path: string) => Promise<boolean> | boolean;
   /** Injectable interactive runner for commands needing inherited TTY (e.g., `tmux attach`). */
   interactiveRunner?: InteractiveRunner;
   /**
@@ -796,6 +801,96 @@ export function buildSystemdEnableCommand(unit: string): string[] {
   return ['systemctl', '--user', 'enable', unit];
 }
 
+/**
+ * Place a unit file into the ACTIVE systemd user directory, never through a
+ * symlink (#1292, measured 2026-08-17).
+ *
+ * ⚠ SET-INDEPENDENCE (fomo-lin, 2026-08-17): the set of unit names carrying
+ * by-path residue and the set of unit names this install copies are
+ * INDEPENDENT. Until 0.0.50 they were disjoint only by accident of which
+ * units the install happened to name — fomo-lin survived copy-through solely
+ * because its one by-path symlink (the broker) was the one unit the install
+ * did NOT copy. Adding the broker to the copy set made the intersection
+ * non-empty on the first run. Whoever adds a fifth unit to the placement
+ * list inherits this helper and its unlink step; do not place units with a
+ * bare copyFile.
+ *
+ * A host provisioned by the enable-by-path convention carries a symlink AT
+ * the unit-name path in ~/.config/systemd/user/ pointing at the shipped
+ * template under ~/.config/mosaic/systemd/user/. Node's copyFile FOLLOWS
+ * that link and overwrites the SEED template instead of placing the active
+ * unit (verified with fs.copyFile on a throwaway systemd user instance) —
+ * silent, rc=0, and it mutates the directory every later reseed reads from.
+ * The same measurement showed `systemctl enable <name>` does NOT rewrite an
+ * existing by-path wants-symlink, so reconciliation must be explicit.
+ *
+ * Placement therefore: if the destination is a symlink, unlink it first
+ * (unlink → copy — copy-then-unlink would mutate the seed and then destroy
+ * the evidence that it did); then copy. Also removes a stale
+ * `default.target.wants/<name>` symlink that points outside the active
+ * directory (readlink — NOT readFile, which follows the link and returns the
+ * target's CONTENT), so the subsequent enable-by-name recreates it against
+ * the active copy. Idempotent: on a clean or already-reconciled destination
+ * every step is a no-op (the copy rewrites identical bytes).
+ *
+ * Returns what was done, for assertions and install reporting.
+ */
+export interface PlaceUnitResult {
+  readonly unit: string;
+  readonly destination: string;
+  /** A symlink at the unit-name path was unlinked (by-path residue). */
+  readonly unlinkedDestinationSymlink: boolean;
+  /** A stale wants-symlink pointing outside the active dir was removed. */
+  readonly removedStaleWantsSymlink: boolean;
+}
+
+export async function placeUnitFile(
+  source: string,
+  systemdUserDir: string,
+  unit: string,
+): Promise<PlaceUnitResult> {
+  const destination = join(systemdUserDir, unit);
+  let unlinkedDestinationSymlink = false;
+  try {
+    const destInfo = await lstat(destination);
+    if (destInfo.isSymbolicLink()) {
+      await unlink(destination);
+      unlinkedDestinationSymlink = true;
+    }
+  } catch {
+    // absent destination — nothing to unlink
+  }
+  await copyFile(source, destination);
+
+  let removedStaleWantsSymlink = false;
+  const wantsLink = join(systemdUserDir, 'default.target.wants', unit);
+  try {
+    const wantsInfo = await lstat(wantsLink);
+    if (wantsInfo.isSymbolicLink()) {
+      // readlink — NOT readFile: readFile FOLLOWS the link and returns the
+      // target file's CONTENT, which is not the question being asked.
+      let target: string | undefined;
+      try {
+        target = await readlink(wantsLink);
+      } catch {
+        target = undefined;
+      }
+      // Normalize (systemctl writes absolute targets; a relative one resolves
+      // against the wants dir). A wants-symlink pointing anywhere other than
+      // the active copy (the by-path convention points at the seed template)
+      // survives enable-by-name unchanged — remove it so enable recreates it.
+      if (target !== undefined && resolve(dirname(wantsLink), target) !== destination) {
+        await unlink(wantsLink);
+        removedStaleWantsSymlink = true;
+      }
+    }
+  } catch {
+    // absent wants link — nothing to reconcile
+  }
+
+  return { unit, destination, unlinkedDestinationSymlink, removedStaleWantsSymlink };
+}
+
 /**
  * Returns the systemctl --user disable command for a given unit.
  * Used by `fleet remove` so a removed agent's enabled unit cannot resurrect on
@@ -820,7 +915,7 @@ export function buildEnableLingerCommand(user: string): string[] {
  */
 export async function enableFleetUnits(
   runner: CommandRunner,
-  roster: FleetRoster,
+  roster: { readonly agents: readonly { readonly name: string }[] },
   opts: { enable?: boolean },
 ): Promise<void> {
   if (opts.enable === false) {
@@ -830,6 +925,22 @@ export async function enableFleetUnits(
     let succeeded = 0;
     let failed = 0;
 
+    // The lease broker ships with the fleet and every gated runtime needs it
+    // (#1292): seats die at lease registration without it, and no documented
+    // path ever enabled it. Enabled first — alongside the holder — and the
+    // unit must have been placed by installFleet's placeUnitFile step.
+    const brokerResult = await runner(
+      ...splitCommand(buildSystemdEnableCommand('mosaic-lease-broker.service')),
+    );
+    if (brokerResult.exitCode === 0) {
+      succeeded++;
+    } else {
+      failed++;
+      process.stderr.write(
+        `Warning: could not enable mosaic-lease-broker.service: ${brokerResult.stderr || brokerResult.stdout || 'non-zero exit'}\n`,
+      );
+    }
+
     const holderResult = await runner(
       ...splitCommand(buildSystemdEnableCommand('mosaic-tmux-holder.service')),
     );
@@ -1526,8 +1637,9 @@ export function registerFleetCommand(program: Command, deps: FleetCommandDeps =
     .description('Install local fleet tools and user systemd units')
     .option('--no-enable', 'Skip enabling units for boot-survival')
     .action(async (opts: { enable?: boolean }) => {
-      await installFleet(cmd, frameworkRoot);
+      await installFleet(cmd, frameworkRoot, runner);
-      const roster = await loadRosterForCommand(cmd);
+      // Unit enablement needs agent names only, so it reads either version.
+      const roster = await loadRosterReadModel(cmd);
       await enableFleetUnits(runner, roster, opts);
     });
 
@@ -1536,8 +1648,9 @@ export function registerFleetCommand(program: Command, deps: FleetCommandDeps =
     .description('Install local fleet tools and user systemd units')
     .option('--no-enable', 'Skip enabling units for boot-survival')
     .action(async (opts: { enable?: boolean }) => {
-      await installFleet(cmd, frameworkRoot);
+      await installFleet(cmd, frameworkRoot, runner);
-      const roster = await loadRosterForCommand(cmd);
+      // Unit enablement needs agent names only, so it reads either version.
+      const roster = await loadRosterReadModel(cmd);
       await enableFleetUnits(runner, roster, opts);
     });
 
@@ -1588,6 +1701,37 @@ export function registerFleetCommand(program: Command, deps: FleetCommandDeps =
             );
             return;
           }
+          if (action === 'start') {
+            // Broker preflight (#1292), re-probed on EVERY invocation: a
+            // gated runtime started without a live lease broker dies ~4s in
+            // while the unit reports active (RemainAfterExit) — enabling +
+            // starting here and then RE-CHECKING the socket refuses loudly
+            // instead of reporting rc0 over a doomed start. This is the
+            // second-start check as much as the first: it never trusts unit
+            // ActiveState.
+            await runChecked(runner, [
+              'systemctl',
+              '--user',
+              'enable',
+              'mosaic-lease-broker.service',
+            ]);
+            await runChecked(runner, [
+              'systemctl',
+              '--user',
+              'start',
+              'mosaic-lease-broker.service',
+            ]);
+            if (!(await brokerSocketPresent(deps))) {
+              console.error(
+                '[fleet] broker-absent: lease broker socket did not appear after enable+start (#1292).',
+              );
+              console.error(
+                '[fleet] remedy: mosaic fleet install (it reconciles either enable convention)',
+              );
+              process.exitCode = 1;
+              return;
+            }
+          }
           if (action === 'restart') {
             // Serialize the holder+agents teardown/relaunch behind the restart lock
             // so a re-entrant restart waits for clean shutdown before relaunching,
@@ -1688,7 +1832,9 @@ export function registerFleetCommand(program: Command, deps: FleetCommandDeps =
     .action(async (opts: { json?: boolean }) => {
       const commandOpts = cmd.opts<{ mosaicHome: string; roster?: string }>();
       const activePaths = resolveFleetPaths(commandOpts.mosaicHome);
-      const roster = await loadRosterForCommand(cmd);
+      // ps only reads, so it takes the version-agnostic read model rather than
+      // the v1 parser, which rejects a v2 roster outright.
+      const roster = await loadRosterReadModel(cmd);
       const { tenant_id, host } = getDefaultTenantAndHost();
       const nowMs = Date.now();
 
@@ -1908,6 +2054,16 @@ export function registerFleetCommand(program: Command, deps: FleetCommandDeps =
           start: boolean;
         },
       ) => {
+        if (await usesRosterV2ControlPlane(cmd)) {
+          // command.error, not a bare throw: this is operator guidance, and a
+          // bare throw reaches the top level uncaught and prints it under a Node
+          // stack trace. Measured on canary — the message is the whole point of
+          // the refusal, so it has to arrive readable.
+          cmd.error(rosterV2MutationGuidance('add', 'create', name), {
+            code: 'fleet.roster-v2',
+            exitCode: 1,
+          });
+        }
         if (!VALID_FLEET_RUNTIMES.includes(opts.runtime)) {
           throw new Error(
             `Invalid runtime "${opts.runtime}". Valid runtimes: ${VALID_FLEET_RUNTIMES.join(', ')}.`,
@@ -1973,6 +2129,12 @@ export function registerFleetCommand(program: Command, deps: FleetCommandDeps =
     .description('Remove an agent from the fleet roster')
     .option('--keep-files', 'Skip deleting env and heartbeat files')
     .action(async (name: string, opts: { keepFiles?: boolean }) => {
+      if (await usesRosterV2ControlPlane(cmd)) {
+        cmd.error(rosterV2MutationGuidance('remove', 'delete', name), {
+          code: 'fleet.roster-v2',
+          exitCode: 1,
+        });
+      }
       const commandOpts = cmd.opts<{ mosaicHome: string; roster?: string }>();
       const activePaths = resolveFleetPaths(commandOpts.mosaicHome);
       const rosterPath = await resolveRosterPath(commandOpts.mosaicHome, commandOpts.roster);
@@ -2328,10 +2490,16 @@ export function registerFleetAgentCommands(
     });
 }
 
-async function installFleet(cmd: Command, frameworkRoot: string): Promise<void> {
+async function installFleet(
+  cmd: Command,
+  frameworkRoot: string,
+  runner: CommandRunner,
+): Promise<void> {
   const activePaths = resolveFleetPaths(cmd.opts<{ mosaicHome: string }>().mosaicHome);
   assertDefaultMosaicHomeForSystemd(activePaths.mosaicHome);
-  const roster = await loadRosterForCommand(cmd);
+  // Read model first: every file this function places is roster-independent, and
+  // the v1 parser would reject a v2 roster before any of them were written.
+  const roster = await loadRosterReadModel(cmd);
   await ensureFleetHolderIdentity(activePaths.mosaicHome);
   await mkdir(activePaths.fleetToolsDir, { recursive: true });
   await mkdir(activePaths.tmuxToolsDir, { recursive: true });
@@ -2378,29 +2546,65 @@ async function installFleet(cmd: Command, frameworkRoot: string): Promise<void>
   for (const toolPath of executableToolPaths) {
     await chmod(toolPath, 0o755);
   }
-  await copyFile(
+  // Unit placement (#1292): every unit goes through placeUnitFile — never a
-    join(frameworkRoot, 'systemd', 'user', 'mosaic-tmux-holder.service'),
+  // bare copyFile — so a by-path-enable symlink at the destination is
-    join(activePaths.systemdUserDir, 'mosaic-tmux-holder.service'),
+  // unlinked rather than written through (copy-through would silently
+  // overwrite the SEED template, measured 2026-08-17). The lease broker unit
+  // is placed here too: previously the install named three units and omitted
+  // the broker entirely, which is why no documented path ever enabled it.
+  const placedUnits = await Promise.all(
+    [
+      'mosaic-tmux-holder.service',
+      '[email protected]',
+      '[email protected]',
+      'mosaic-lease-broker.service',
+    ].map((unit) =>
+      placeUnitFile(join(frameworkRoot, 'systemd', 'user', unit), activePaths.systemdUserDir, unit),
+    ),
   );
-  await copyFile(
+  const reconciled = placedUnits.filter(
-    join(frameworkRoot, 'systemd', 'user', '[email protected]'),
+    (result) => result.unlinkedDestinationSymlink || result.removedStaleWantsSymlink,
-    join(activePaths.systemdUserDir, '[email protected]'),
-  );
-  await copyFile(
-    join(frameworkRoot, 'systemd', 'user', '[email protected]'),
-    join(activePaths.systemdUserDir, '[email protected]'),
   );
+  if (reconciled.length > 0) {
+    console.log(
+      `Reconciled ${reconciled.length} unit placement(s) from by-path enable residue: ${reconciled.map((r) => r.unit).join(', ')}`,
+    );
+  }
+  // systemd will not see a replaced unit file without a reload; do it once
+  // after all placements, before any enable call below. runCommand never
+  // rejects (it resolves exitCode 127 on spawn error), so a plain await with
+  // an exitCode check matches the rest of this file's systemctl handling.
+  const reloadResult = await runner(...splitCommand(['systemctl', '--user', 'daemon-reload']));
+  if (reloadResult.exitCode !== 0) {
+    process.stderr.write(
+      `Warning: systemctl --user daemon-reload after unit placement failed (non-systemd host?): ${reloadResult.stderr || reloadResult.stdout || 'non-zero exit'}\n`,
+    );
+  }
 
-  for (const agent of roster.agents) {
+  // On roster v2 the reconciler owns the generated env: `apply` writes it and
+  // `regen` rebuilds it, both from projectRosterV2AgentGeneratedEnv. Writing it
+  // here too — necessarily through the v1 mapping — would be the third writer of
+  // one file and would break the #791 single-SSOT invariant. So v2 gets the tool
+  // files and the units, and nothing else.
+  if (roster.version === 2) {
+    console.log(
+      `Installed fleet tools and systemd units for ${roster.agents.length} agent(s). ` +
+        `Generated env is owned by the reconciler on roster v2 — run: mosaic fleet apply --expected-generation <n>`,
+    );
+    return;
+  }
+
+  const v1Roster = await loadRosterForCommand(cmd);
+  for (const agent of v1Roster.agents) {
     await writeAgentEnvironmentProjection({
       mosaicHome: activePaths.mosaicHome,
       agentEnvDir: activePaths.agentEnvDir,
       agentName: agent.name,
-      generated: generateAgentEnvValues(roster, agent),
+      generated: generateAgentEnvValues(v1Roster, agent),
     });
   }
 
-  console.log(`Installed fleet files for ${roster.agents.length} agent(s).`);
+  console.log(`Installed fleet files for ${v1Roster.agents.length} agent(s).`);
 }
 
 async function loadRosterForCommand(cmd: Command): Promise<FleetRoster> {
@@ -2427,6 +2631,77 @@ async function usesRosterV2ControlPlane(cmd: Command): Promise<boolean> {
   );
 }
 
+/**
+ * `add`/`remove` and `create`/`delete` are not two spellings of one operation.
+ * The v1 pair edits the roster *and* drives systemd; the v2 pair is documented
+ * as changing desired state "without runtime actions", leaving convergence to
+ * `apply`. `add` also collects four fields where a v2 agent requires eleven, so
+ * routing it to `create` would mean inventing provider, alias, reasoning and
+ * tool-policy defaults on the operator's behalf. Refusing with the real command
+ * is honest; silently guessing an agent's provider is not.
+ */
+function rosterV2MutationGuidance(
+  v1Command: 'add' | 'remove',
+  v2Command: 'create' | 'delete',
+  name: string,
+): string {
+  const target = v2Command === 'delete' ? ` ${name}` : '';
+  return (
+    `mosaic fleet ${v1Command} does not operate on a roster-v2 fleet. ` +
+    `Roster v2 separates desired state from convergence:\n` +
+    `  1. mosaic fleet ${v2Command}${target} --expected-generation <current> ` +
+    `${v2Command === 'create' ? "--agent '<json>' " : ''}` +
+    `(edits the roster only)\n` +
+    `  2. mosaic fleet apply --expected-generation <new> (converges systemd and tmux)\n` +
+    `Read the current generation with: mosaic fleet status`
+  );
+}
+
+/**
+ * The read-only fields shared by roster v1 and v2, for the commands that only
+ * ever *read* the roster (`ps`, and unit enablement inside `install`).
+ *
+ * This is deliberately NOT a v2→v1 downshift. A downshifted `FleetRoster` would
+ * be accepted by `generateAgentEnvValues`, and that would make a third writer of
+ * `fleet/agents/<name>.env.generated` — through the v1 mapping — breaking the
+ * #791 single-SSOT invariant that {@link projectRosterV2AgentGeneratedEnv} is
+ * documented to hold. Keeping the read model this small makes that misuse
+ * impossible: there is nothing here to write a roster or an env file back from.
+ */
+interface FleetRosterReadModel {
+  readonly version: 1 | 2;
+  readonly tmux: { readonly socketName: string; readonly holderSession: string };
+  readonly agents: readonly {
+    readonly name: string;
+    readonly alias?: string;
+    readonly runtime: string;
+  }[];
+}
+
+/** Reads either roster version into the shared read-only view. */
+async function loadRosterReadModel(cmd: Command): Promise<FleetRosterReadModel> {
+  const opts = cmd.opts<{ mosaicHome: string; roster?: string }>();
+  const path = await resolveRosterPath(opts.mosaicHome, opts.roster);
+  if (!(await usesRosterV2ControlPlane(cmd))) {
+    const v1 = await loadRosterAtPath(cmd, path);
+    return {
+      version: 1,
+      tmux: { socketName: v1.tmux.socketName, holderSession: v1.tmux.holderSession },
+      agents: v1.agents,
+    };
+  }
+  try {
+    const v2 = parseRosterV2(await readFleetRosterText(path), 'yaml');
+    return {
+      version: 2,
+      tmux: { socketName: v2.tmux.socketName, holderSession: v2.tmux.holderSession },
+      agents: v2.agents,
+    };
+  } catch (error) {
+    reportFleetRosterConfigurationError(cmd, error);
+  }
+}
+
 async function loadRosterFromAgentCommand(
   command: Command,
   mosaicHomeOverride?: string,
@@ -2501,6 +2776,40 @@ function splitCommand(command: string[]): [string, string[]] {
   return [bin, args];
 }
 
+/**
+ * Lease-broker socket presence for the fleet-start preflight (#1292).
+ * Resolution precedence matches launch.ts's defaultLeaseBrokerSocket and
+ * start-agent-session.sh's broker_socket_path: explicit
+ * MOSAIC_LEASE_BROKER_SOCKET, else $XDG_RUNTIME_DIR/mosaic-lease/broker.sock,
+ * else /run/user/<uid>/mosaic-lease/broker.sock. Pure filesystem check — this
+ * deliberately does NOT consult systemd state: a unit can be active
+ * (RemainAfterExit) with no live socket, and the socket is the thing the
+ * gated runtime connects to. Injectable via deps for tests.
+ */
+export function resolveLeaseBrokerSocketForPreflight(
+  env: NodeJS.ProcessEnv = process.env,
+  uid: number = typeof process.getuid === 'function' ? process.getuid() : 0,
+): string {
+  if (env['MOSAIC_LEASE_BROKER_SOCKET']) return env['MOSAIC_LEASE_BROKER_SOCKET'];
+  const runtimeDir = env['XDG_RUNTIME_DIR'] ?? `/run/user/${uid}`;
+  return join(runtimeDir, 'mosaic-lease', 'broker.sock');
+}
+
+async function brokerSocketPresent(
+  deps: FleetCommandDeps,
+  env: NodeJS.ProcessEnv = process.env,
+): Promise<boolean> {
+  const check = deps.checkBrokerSocket;
+  if (check) return check(resolveLeaseBrokerSocketForPreflight(env));
+  try {
+    const socketPath = resolveLeaseBrokerSocketForPreflight(env);
+    await access(socketPath, constants.S_IFSOCK);
+    return true;
+  } catch {
+    return false;
+  }
+}
+
 /** All supported fleet profile names. */
 export type FleetProfile =
   | 'general'

packages/mosaic/src/commands/lease-doctor-check.ts

@@ -205,6 +205,12 @@ export async function runLeaseEnforcementDoctorCheck(
     message:
       `Lease-enforcement hooks (${matchedMarkers.join(', ')}) are wired in ~/.claude/settings.json, but ${reasons.join(' and ')}. ` +
       'Every gated tool call will fail closed and BRICK this agent (see #869). ' +
-      'Remediate by activating the lease-broker supervisor (systemd unit + socket) or by removing the enforcement hooks from ~/.claude/settings.json.',
+      // #1292: one remedy, correct under BOTH enable conventions (by-path on
+      // the seed template, and copy-then-enable in the active dir). Written
+      // from the 2026-08-17 symlink measurement: `systemctl enable` by name
+      // does NOT rewrite an existing by-path wants-symlink, so teaching a
+      // manual systemctl line here could leave a host with two competing
+      // wants links. fleet install reconciles either shape.
+      'Remedy: run `mosaic fleet install` (it reconciles either enable convention), or remove the enforcement hooks from ~/.claude/settings.json.',
   };
 }

packages/mosaic/src/fleet/fleet-reconciler.acceptance.spec.ts

@@ -459,6 +459,7 @@ describe('FCM-M3-002 reconciler lifecycle acceptance', (): void => {
       plan: {
         generation: 7,
         holder: 'owned',
+        broker: { unitInstalled: false, socketPresent: false },
         agents: [
           {
             name: 'coder0',

packages/mosaic/src/fleet/fleet-reconciler.spec.ts

@@ -92,6 +92,112 @@ async function run(command: FleetReconcileCommand, overrides: Partial<FleetRecon
 }
 
 describe('fleet roster-owned reconciler', (): void => {
+  // ── #1292: broker as first-class plan member + broker-first start ordering ──
+
+  it('reports broker unit and socket state in the plan (socket is the signal, not unit state)', async (): Promise<void> => {
+    const result = await run('status', {
+      statPath: async () => true,
+      checkBrokerSocket: async () => true,
+    });
+    expect(result.plan.broker).toEqual({ unitInstalled: true, socketPresent: true });
+  });
+
+  it('reports a dead broker as socketPresent=false even when the unit is installed (enabled-but-dead is the #1292 shape)', async (): Promise<void> => {
+    const result = await run('status', {
+      statPath: async () => true,
+      checkBrokerSocket: async () => false,
+    });
+    expect(result.plan.broker).toEqual({ unitInstalled: true, socketPresent: false });
+  });
+
+  it('reports broker-absent when neither seam is present (defaults false, never guesses healthy)', async (): Promise<void> => {
+    const result = await run('status');
+    expect(result.plan.broker).toEqual({ unitInstalled: false, socketPresent: false });
+  });
+
+  it('command start enables and starts the broker BEFORE the holder and any agent unit', async (): Promise<void> => {
+    const calls: string[][] = [];
+    const result = await run('start', {
+      runner: async (command, args) => {
+        calls.push([command, ...args]);
+        if (command === 'tmux' && args.includes('list-sessions')) {
+          return { stdout: '_holder\ncoder0\n', stderr: '', exitCode: 0 };
+        }
+        if (command === 'tmux' && args.includes('show-environment')) {
+          return {
+            stdout:
+              'HOME=/home/mosaic\nMOSAIC_FLEET_OWNER=11111111-1111-4111-8111-111111111111\nMOSAIC_TMUX_HOLDER=_holder\nMOSAIC_TMUX_SOCKET=mosaic-fleet\nPATH=/usr/bin:/bin\nPWD=/home/mosaic\n',
+            stderr: '',
+            exitCode: 0,
+          };
+        }
+        return { stdout: '', stderr: '', exitCode: 0 };
+      },
+    });
+    expect(result.lifecycle).toBe('complete');
+    const brokerEnable = calls.findIndex(
+      (c) => c.join(' ') === 'systemctl --user enable mosaic-lease-broker.service',
+    );
+    const brokerStart = calls.findIndex(
+      (c) => c.join(' ') === 'systemctl --user start mosaic-lease-broker.service',
+    );
+    const holderStart = calls.findIndex(
+      (c) => c.join(' ') === 'systemctl --user start mosaic-tmux-holder.service',
+    );
+    const agentStart = calls.findIndex(
+      (c) => c.join(' ') === 'systemctl --user start [email protected]',
+    );
+    expect(brokerEnable).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(0);
+    expect(brokerStart).toBeGreaterThan(brokerEnable);
+    // Holder start may be absent (holder 'owned' in this fixture); if present it must follow the broker.
+    if (holderStart >= 0) expect(holderStart).toBeGreaterThan(brokerStart);
+    expect(agentStart).toBeGreaterThan(brokerStart);
+  });
+
+  it('apply with a running desired agent also enables and starts the broker first', async (): Promise<void> => {
+    const calls: string[][] = [];
+    const runningRoster: FleetRosterV2 = {
+      ...roster,
+      agents: roster.agents.map((agent) =>
+        agent.name === 'coder0'
+          ? { ...agent, lifecycle: { enabled: true, desiredState: 'running' as const } }
+          : agent,
+      ),
+    };
+    const result = await executeFleetReconcile({
+      roster: runningRoster,
+      command: 'apply',
+      expectedGeneration: 7,
+      deps: deps({
+        readRoster: async () => runningRoster,
+        runner: async (command, args) => {
+          calls.push([command, ...args]);
+          if (command === 'tmux' && args.includes('list-sessions')) {
+            return { stdout: '_holder\n', stderr: '', exitCode: 0 };
+          }
+          if (command === 'tmux' && args.includes('show-environment')) {
+            return {
+              stdout:
+                'HOME=/home/mosaic\nMOSAIC_FLEET_OWNER=11111111-1111-4111-8111-111111111111\nMOSAIC_TMUX_HOLDER=_holder\nMOSAIC_TMUX_SOCKET=mosaic-fleet\nPATH=/usr/bin:/bin\nPWD=/home/mosaic\n',
+              stderr: '',
+              exitCode: 0,
+            };
+          }
+          return { stdout: '', stderr: '', exitCode: 0 };
+        },
+      }),
+    });
+    expect(result.applied).toBe(true);
+    const brokerStart = calls.findIndex(
+      (c) => c.join(' ') === 'systemctl --user start mosaic-lease-broker.service',
+    );
+    const agentStart = calls.findIndex(
+      (c) => c.join(' ') === 'systemctl --user start [email protected]',
+    );
+    expect(brokerStart).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(0);
+    expect(agentStart).toBeGreaterThan(brokerStart);
+  });
+
   it('fails closed on a symlinked fleet ancestor without touching its target', async (): Promise<void> => {
     const home = await lockHome();
     const fleet = join(home, 'fleet');

packages/mosaic/src/fleet/fleet-reconciler.ts

@@ -43,6 +43,10 @@ export interface FleetReconcileDeps {
   readonly overrideDir?: string;
   readonly homeDirectory?: string;
   readonly readHolderIdentity?: () => Promise<string>;
+  /** Test/observation seams for the lease-broker plan member (#1292). */
+  readonly statPath?: (path: string) => Promise<boolean> | boolean;
+  readonly checkBrokerSocket?: (path: string) => Promise<boolean> | boolean;
+  readonly brokerSocketEnv?: NodeJS.ProcessEnv;
   readonly validateRoster?: (roster: FleetRosterV2) => Promise<void>;
   readonly prepareProjections?: (roster: FleetRosterV2) => Promise<readonly unknown[]>;
   readonly applyProjection?: (prepared: unknown) => Promise<unknown>;
@@ -74,6 +78,17 @@ export interface FleetReconcileObservedAgent {
 export interface FleetReconcilePlan {
   readonly generation: number;
   readonly holder: 'owned' | 'missing' | 'ownership-mismatch';
+  /**
+   * Lease broker observation (#1292): every gated runtime registers with the
+   * broker or dies ~4s in — a broker not in the plan cannot be reported as
+   * drifted, which made "broker died an hour ago" and "broker fine"
+   * produce identical output. `unitInstalled` = unit file present in the
+   * active dir; `socketPresent` = live broker at the resolved socket path.
+   */
+  readonly broker: {
+    readonly unitInstalled: boolean;
+    readonly socketPresent: boolean;
+  };
   readonly agents: readonly FleetReconcileObservedAgent[];
   readonly unmanagedSessions: readonly string[];
 }
@@ -314,6 +329,39 @@ function isObservational(command: FleetReconcileCommand): boolean {
   return command === 'plan' || command === 'status' || command === 'verify' || command === 'doctor';
 }
 
+/**
+ * Observe the lease broker for the plan (#1292). Unit presence via systemctl
+ * is-system-running is NOT the signal — a unit can be enabled-but-dead. The
+ * authoritative signal is the socket the gated runtimes connect to, matching
+ * broker-supervisor.ts's `checkBrokerSupervisorHealth` (healthy ===
+ * socketPresent). Injectable so tests drive every branch without a broker.
+ */
+async function observeBroker(deps: FleetReconcileDeps): Promise<FleetReconcilePlan['broker']> {
+  const homeDirectory = deps.homeDirectory ?? homedir();
+  const env = (deps.brokerSocketEnv ?? process.env) as NodeJS.ProcessEnv;
+  const uid = typeof process.getuid === 'function' ? process.getuid() : 0;
+  const runtimeDir = env['XDG_RUNTIME_DIR'] ?? `/run/user/${uid}`;
+  const socketPath =
+    env['MOSAIC_LEASE_BROKER_SOCKET'] ?? join(runtimeDir, 'mosaic-lease', 'broker.sock');
+  const configHome = env['XDG_CONFIG_HOME'] ?? join(homeDirectory, '.config');
+  const unitPath = join(configHome, 'systemd', 'user', 'mosaic-lease-broker.service');
+  const statPath = deps.statPath;
+  const checkBrokerSocket = deps.checkBrokerSocket;
+  let unitInstalled = false;
+  let socketPresent = false;
+  try {
+    unitInstalled = statPath ? await statPath(unitPath) : false;
+  } catch {
+    unitInstalled = false;
+  }
+  try {
+    socketPresent = checkBrokerSocket ? await checkBrokerSocket(socketPath) : false;
+  } catch {
+    socketPresent = false;
+  }
+  return { unitInstalled, socketPresent };
+}
+
 async function observeFleet(
   roster: FleetRosterV2,
   deps: FleetReconcileDeps,
@@ -324,10 +372,12 @@ async function observeFleet(
     '-F',
     '#{session_name}',
   ]);
+  const broker = await observeBroker(deps);
   if (sessionsResult.exitCode !== 0) {
     return {
       generation: roster.generation,
       holder: 'missing',
+      broker,
       agents: await observeAgents(roster, deps, new Set<string>()),
       unmanagedSessions: [],
     };
@@ -350,6 +400,7 @@ async function observeFleet(
   return {
     generation: roster.generation,
     holder,
+    broker,
     agents: await observeAgents(roster, deps, sessions),
     unmanagedSessions: Object.freeze(unmanagedSessions.sort()),
   };
@@ -517,6 +568,24 @@ async function executeExplicitLifecycle(
     }
   }
   try {
+    // Broker FIRST (#1292): a gated runtime started without a running lease
+    // broker dies ~4 seconds in at registration — enable the unit (install
+    // places it) and start it before any holder/agent lifecycle effect. The
+    // socket re-check after start is the same probe observeBroker uses, so a
+    // unit that starts but never produces a socket is caught here, not four
+    // seconds later inside a doomed seat.
+    if (request.command === 'start') {
+      await runChecked(request.deps, 'systemctl', [
+        '--user',
+        'enable',
+        'mosaic-lease-broker.service',
+      ]);
+      await runChecked(request.deps, 'systemctl', [
+        '--user',
+        'start',
+        'mosaic-lease-broker.service',
+      ]);
+    }
     if (request.command === 'start' && plan.holder === 'missing') {
       await runChecked(request.deps, 'systemctl', [
         '--user',
@@ -562,6 +631,12 @@ async function applyDesiredLifecycle(
     (agent: FleetRosterV2Agent): boolean =>
       agent.lifecycle.enabled && agent.lifecycle.desiredState === 'running',
   );
+  // Broker before any running agent, same ordering and reason as the
+  // command-driven path above (#1292).
+  if (needsRunningAgent) {
+    await runChecked(deps, 'systemctl', ['--user', 'enable', 'mosaic-lease-broker.service']);
+    await runChecked(deps, 'systemctl', ['--user', 'start', 'mosaic-lease-broker.service']);
+  }
   if (needsRunningAgent && plan.holder === 'missing') {
     await runChecked(deps, 'systemctl', ['--user', 'start', 'mosaic-tmux-holder.service']);
   }

tools/install.sh

@@ -390,6 +390,43 @@ ensure_prefix_on_path() {
   dim "  Run:  export PATH=\"$PREFIX/bin:\$PATH\"   (or start a new login shell)"
 }
 
+# Fleet transport binary (#1240).
+#
+# `mosaic fleet --help` reads "Manage the local Mosaic tmux fleet" and every
+# roster the CLI scaffolds sets `transport: tmux`, but nothing in this script
+# provides tmux and, until now, nothing in it mentioned tmux at all. A
+# greenfield host came out of this installer able to install a fleet, start a
+# fleet, and run no seat — the operator's first signal was `mosaic fleet ps`.
+#
+# Not a `require_cmd`: tmux is required by the fleet, not by mosaic. Plenty of
+# hosts install this to run `mosaic claude` and will never scaffold a roster,
+# and failing their install over a binary they do not need would be wrong. It
+# is a warning that names precisely what it blocks.
+#
+# `tools/_scripts/mosaic-doctor` carries a deliberately parallel check, so the
+# same host state gets the same answer from an audit as from an install. They
+# are separate implementations because this one has to work before the
+# framework's scripts are guaranteed to be on disk; keep their wording in step.
+check_fleet_transport() {
+  local transport=tmux
+  local roster="$MOSAIC_HOME/fleet/roster.yaml"
+  local declared=""
+
+  if [[ -f "$roster" ]]; then
+    declared="$(sed -n 's/^[[:space:]]*transport:[[:space:]]*//p' "$roster" | head -1 |
+      tr -d '"'\''' | tr -d '\r' | awk '{print $1}')"
+    [[ -n "$declared" ]] && transport="$declared"
+  fi
+
+  command -v "$transport" &>/dev/null && return 0
+
+  warn "Fleet transport '$transport' is not installed."
+  echo "  The Mosaic fleet runs its agent seats inside $transport. Without it,"
+  echo "  ${C}mosaic fleet start${RESET} reports success and no seat comes up."
+  echo "  Install it before using the fleet, e.g. ${C}sudo apt-get install -y $transport${RESET}"
+  echo "  (this does not affect ${C}mosaic claude${RESET} or the other single-runtime commands)."
+}
+
 installed_cli_version() {
   local json
   json="$(npm ls -g --depth=0 --json --prefix="$PREFIX" 2>/dev/null)" || true
@@ -1106,6 +1143,11 @@ if [[ "$FLAG_CHECK" == "false" ]]; then
   ok "Done."
 fi
 
+# Fleet readiness (#1240). Runs in both normal and --check mode: "what is the
+# state of this host" is exactly the question --check is asked, and a host that
+# cannot run a seat should not have to discover it from `fleet ps`.
+check_fleet_transport
+
 } # end main
 
 main "$@"