feat(mosaic): gateway token recovery via BetterAuth cookie (CU-03-03..07)

Add mosaic gateway login subcommand with meta.json URL default, config
rotate-token and recover-token subcommands for admin token minting via
BetterAuth session cookie, fix the bootstrapFirstUser dead-end when admin
exists but no token is on file, and add Vitest tests for all new flows.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

packages/mosaic/src/commands/gateway.ts

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import {
   stopDaemon,
   waitForHealth,
 } from './gateway/daemon.js';
+import { getGatewayUrl } from './gateway/login.js';
 
 interface GatewayParentOpts {
   host: string;
@@ -119,9 +120,28 @@ export function registerGatewayCommand(program: Command): void {
       await runStatus(opts);
     });
 
+  // ─── login ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+  gw.command('login')
+    .description('Sign in to the gateway (defaults to URL from meta.json)')
+    .option('-g, --gateway <url>', 'Gateway URL (overrides meta.json)')
+    .option('-e, --email <email>', 'Email address')
+    .option('-p, --password <password>', 'Password')
+    .action(async (cmdOpts: { gateway?: string; email?: string; password?: string }) => {
+      const { runLogin } = await import('./gateway/login.js');
+      const url = getGatewayUrl(cmdOpts.gateway);
+      try {
+        await runLogin({ gatewayUrl: url, email: cmdOpts.email, password: cmdOpts.password });
+      } catch (err) {
+        console.error(err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err));
+        process.exit(1);
+      }
+    });
+
   // ─── config ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
-  gw.command('config')
+  const configCmd = gw
+    .command('config')
     .description('View or modify gateway configuration')
     .option('--set <KEY=VALUE>', 'Set a configuration value')
     .option('--unset <KEY>', 'Remove a configuration key')
@@ -131,6 +151,24 @@ export function registerGatewayCommand(program: Command): void {
       await runConfig(cmdOpts);
     });
 
+  configCmd
+    .command('rotate-token')
+    .description('Mint a new admin token using the stored BetterAuth session')
+    .option('-g, --gateway <url>', 'Gateway URL (overrides meta.json)')
+    .action(async (cmdOpts: { gateway?: string }) => {
+      const { runRotateToken } = await import('./gateway/token-ops.js');
+      await runRotateToken(cmdOpts.gateway);
+    });
+
+  configCmd
+    .command('recover-token')
+    .description('Recover an admin token — prompts for login if no valid session exists')
+    .option('-g, --gateway <url>', 'Gateway URL (overrides meta.json)')
+    .action(async (cmdOpts: { gateway?: string }) => {
+      const { runRecoverToken } = await import('./gateway/token-ops.js');
+      await runRecoverToken(cmdOpts.gateway);
+    });
+
   // ─── logs ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
   gw.command('logs')

packages/mosaic/src/commands/gateway/install.ts

@@ -388,10 +388,32 @@ async function bootstrapFirstUser(
     if (!status.needsSetup) {
       if (meta.adminToken) {
         console.log('Admin user already exists (token on file).');
-      } else {
-        console.log('Admin user already exists — skipping setup.');
-        console.log('(No admin token on file — sign in via the web UI to manage tokens.)');
+        return;
       }
+
+      // Admin user exists but no token — offer inline recovery when interactive.
+      console.log('Admin user already exists but no admin token is on file.');
+
+      if (process.stdin.isTTY) {
+        const answer = (await prompt(rl, 'Run token recovery now? [Y/n] ')).trim().toLowerCase();
+        if (answer === '' || answer === 'y' || answer === 'yes') {
+          console.log();
+          try {
+            const { ensureSession, mintAdminToken, persistToken } = await import('./token-ops.js');
+            const cookie = await ensureSession(baseUrl);
+            const label = `CLI recovery token (${new Date().toISOString().slice(0, 16).replace('T', ' ')})`;
+            const minted = await mintAdminToken(baseUrl, cookie, label);
+            persistToken(baseUrl, minted);
+          } catch (err) {
+            console.error(
+              `Token recovery failed: ${err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err)}`,
+            );
+          }
+          return;
+        }
+      }
+
+      console.log('No admin token on file. Run: mosaic gateway config recover-token');
       return;
     }
   } catch {

packages/mosaic/src/commands/gateway/login.spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+import { describe, it, expect, vi, beforeEach } from 'vitest';
+
+// Mock auth module
+vi.mock('../../auth.js', () => ({
+  signIn: vi.fn(),
+  saveSession: vi.fn(),
+}));
+
+// Mock daemon to avoid file-system reads
+vi.mock('./daemon.js', () => ({
+  readMeta: vi.fn().mockReturnValue({
+    host: 'localhost',
+    port: 14242,
+    version: '1.0.0',
+    installedAt: '',
+    entryPoint: '',
+  }),
+}));
+
+import { runLogin, getGatewayUrl } from './login.js';
+import { signIn, saveSession } from '../../auth.js';
+import { readMeta } from './daemon.js';
+
+const mockSignIn = vi.mocked(signIn);
+const mockSaveSession = vi.mocked(saveSession);
+const mockReadMeta = vi.mocked(readMeta);
+
+describe('getGatewayUrl', () => {
+  it('returns override URL when provided', () => {
+    expect(getGatewayUrl('http://my-gateway:9999')).toBe('http://my-gateway:9999');
+  });
+
+  it('builds URL from meta.json when no override given', () => {
+    mockReadMeta.mockReturnValueOnce({
+      host: 'myhost',
+      port: 8080,
+      version: '1.0.0',
+      installedAt: '',
+      entryPoint: '',
+    });
+    expect(getGatewayUrl()).toBe('http://myhost:8080');
+  });
+
+  it('falls back to default when meta is null', () => {
+    mockReadMeta.mockReturnValueOnce(null);
+    expect(getGatewayUrl()).toBe('http://localhost:14242');
+  });
+});
+
+describe('runLogin', () => {
+  const consoleLogSpy = vi.spyOn(console, 'log').mockImplementation(() => {});
+
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    vi.clearAllMocks();
+  });
+
+  it('calls signIn and saveSession on success', async () => {
+    const fakeAuth = {
+      cookie: 'better-auth.session_token=abc',
+      userId: 'u1',
+      email: 'admin@test.com',
+    };
+    mockSignIn.mockResolvedValueOnce(fakeAuth);
+
+    await runLogin({
+      gatewayUrl: 'http://localhost:14242',
+      email: 'admin@test.com',
+      password: 'password123',
+    });
+
+    expect(mockSignIn).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      'http://localhost:14242',
+      'admin@test.com',
+      'password123',
+    );
+    expect(mockSaveSession).toHaveBeenCalledWith('http://localhost:14242', fakeAuth);
+    expect(consoleLogSpy).toHaveBeenCalledWith(expect.stringContaining('admin@test.com'));
+  });
+
+  it('propagates signIn errors', async () => {
+    mockSignIn.mockRejectedValueOnce(new Error('Sign-in failed (401): invalid credentials'));
+
+    await expect(
+      runLogin({ gatewayUrl: 'http://localhost:14242', email: 'bad@test.com', password: 'wrong' }),
+    ).rejects.toThrow('Sign-in failed (401)');
+  });
+});

packages/mosaic/src/commands/gateway/login.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+import { createInterface } from 'node:readline';
+import { signIn, saveSession } from '../../auth.js';
+import { readMeta } from './daemon.js';
+
+/**
+ * Shared login helper used by both `mosaic login` and `mosaic gateway login`.
+ * Prompts for email/password if not supplied, signs in, and persists the session.
+ */
+export async function runLogin(opts: {
+  gatewayUrl: string;
+  email?: string;
+  password?: string;
+}): Promise<void> {
+  let email = opts.email;
+  let password = opts.password;
+
+  if (!email || !password) {
+    const rl = createInterface({ input: process.stdin, output: process.stdout });
+    const ask = (q: string): Promise<string> => new Promise((resolve) => rl.question(q, resolve));
+
+    if (!email) email = await ask('Email: ');
+    if (!password) password = await ask('Password: ');
+    rl.close();
+  }
+
+  const auth = await signIn(opts.gatewayUrl, email, password);
+  saveSession(opts.gatewayUrl, auth);
+  console.log(`Signed in as ${auth.email} (${opts.gatewayUrl})`);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Derive the gateway base URL from meta.json with a fallback.
+ */
+export function getGatewayUrl(overrideUrl?: string): string {
+  if (overrideUrl) return overrideUrl;
+  const meta = readMeta();
+  if (meta) return `http://${meta.host}:${meta.port.toString()}`;
+  return 'http://localhost:14242';
+}

packages/mosaic/src/commands/gateway/recover-token.spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
+import { describe, it, expect, vi, beforeEach } from 'vitest';
+
+// ─── Mocks ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+vi.mock('../../auth.js', () => ({
+  loadSession: vi.fn(),
+  validateSession: vi.fn(),
+  signIn: vi.fn(),
+  saveSession: vi.fn(),
+}));
+
+vi.mock('./daemon.js', () => ({
+  readMeta: vi.fn(),
+  writeMeta: vi.fn(),
+}));
+
+vi.mock('./login.js', () => ({
+  getGatewayUrl: vi.fn().mockReturnValue('http://localhost:14242'),
+}));
+
+// Mock readline so tests don't block on stdin
+vi.mock('node:readline', () => ({
+  createInterface: vi.fn().mockReturnValue({
+    question: vi.fn((_q: string, cb: (a: string) => void) => cb('test-input')),
+    close: vi.fn(),
+  }),
+}));
+
+const mockFetch = vi.fn();
+vi.stubGlobal('fetch', mockFetch);
+
+import { runRecoverToken, ensureSession } from './token-ops.js';
+import { loadSession, validateSession, signIn, saveSession } from '../../auth.js';
+import { readMeta, writeMeta } from './daemon.js';
+
+const mockLoadSession = vi.mocked(loadSession);
+const mockValidateSession = vi.mocked(validateSession);
+const mockSignIn = vi.mocked(signIn);
+const mockSaveSession = vi.mocked(saveSession);
+const mockReadMeta = vi.mocked(readMeta);
+const mockWriteMeta = vi.mocked(writeMeta);
+
+const baseUrl = 'http://localhost:14242';
+const fakeCookie = 'better-auth.session_token=sess123';
+const fakeToken = {
+  id: 'tok-1',
+  label: 'CLI recovery token (2026-04-04 12:00)',
+  plaintext: 'abcdef1234567890',
+};
+const fakeMeta = {
+  version: '1.0.0',
+  installedAt: '',
+  entryPoint: '',
+  host: 'localhost',
+  port: 14242,
+};
+
+describe('ensureSession', () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    vi.clearAllMocks();
+    vi.spyOn(console, 'log').mockImplementation(() => {});
+  });
+
+  it('returns cookie from stored session when valid', async () => {
+    mockLoadSession.mockReturnValueOnce({ cookie: fakeCookie, userId: 'u1', email: 'a@b.com' });
+    mockValidateSession.mockResolvedValueOnce(true);
+
+    const cookie = await ensureSession(baseUrl);
+    expect(cookie).toBe(fakeCookie);
+    expect(mockSignIn).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
+  it('prompts for credentials and signs in when stored session is invalid', async () => {
+    mockLoadSession.mockReturnValueOnce({ cookie: 'old-cookie', userId: 'u1', email: 'a@b.com' });
+    mockValidateSession.mockResolvedValueOnce(false);
+    const newAuth = { cookie: fakeCookie, userId: 'u2', email: 'a@b.com' };
+    mockSignIn.mockResolvedValueOnce(newAuth);
+
+    const cookie = await ensureSession(baseUrl);
+    expect(cookie).toBe(fakeCookie);
+    expect(mockSaveSession).toHaveBeenCalledWith(baseUrl, newAuth);
+  });
+
+  it('prompts for credentials when no session exists', async () => {
+    mockLoadSession.mockReturnValueOnce(null);
+    const newAuth = { cookie: fakeCookie, userId: 'u2', email: 'a@b.com' };
+    mockSignIn.mockResolvedValueOnce(newAuth);
+
+    const cookie = await ensureSession(baseUrl);
+    expect(cookie).toBe(fakeCookie);
+    expect(mockSignIn).toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
+  it('exits non-zero when signIn fails', async () => {
+    mockLoadSession.mockReturnValueOnce(null);
+    mockSignIn.mockRejectedValueOnce(new Error('Sign-in failed (401): bad creds'));
+    const processExitSpy = vi
+      .spyOn(process, 'exit')
+      .mockImplementation((_code?: number | string | null | undefined) => {
+        throw new Error(`process.exit(${String(_code)})`);
+      });
+    const consoleErrorSpy = vi.spyOn(console, 'error').mockImplementation(() => {});
+
+    await expect(ensureSession(baseUrl)).rejects.toThrow('process.exit(2)');
+    expect(processExitSpy).toHaveBeenCalledWith(2);
+
+    processExitSpy.mockRestore();
+    consoleErrorSpy.mockRestore();
+  });
+});
+
+describe('runRecoverToken', () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    vi.clearAllMocks();
+    vi.spyOn(console, 'log').mockImplementation(() => {});
+    vi.spyOn(console, 'error').mockImplementation(() => {});
+  });
+
+  it('prompts for login, mints a token, and persists it when no session exists', async () => {
+    mockLoadSession.mockReturnValueOnce(null);
+    const newAuth = { cookie: fakeCookie, userId: 'u2', email: 'admin@test.com' };
+    mockSignIn.mockResolvedValueOnce(newAuth);
+    mockReadMeta.mockReturnValue(fakeMeta);
+    mockFetch.mockResolvedValueOnce({
+      ok: true,
+      status: 200,
+      json: async () => fakeToken,
+    });
+
+    await runRecoverToken();
+
+    expect(mockSignIn).toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(mockFetch).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      `${baseUrl}/api/admin/tokens`,
+      expect.objectContaining({ method: 'POST' }),
+    );
+    expect(mockWriteMeta).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      expect.objectContaining({ adminToken: fakeToken.plaintext }),
+    );
+  });
+
+  it('skips login when a valid session exists and mints a recovery token', async () => {
+    mockLoadSession.mockReturnValueOnce({ cookie: fakeCookie, userId: 'u1', email: 'a@b.com' });
+    mockValidateSession.mockResolvedValueOnce(true);
+    mockReadMeta.mockReturnValue(fakeMeta);
+    mockFetch.mockResolvedValueOnce({
+      ok: true,
+      status: 200,
+      json: async () => fakeToken,
+    });
+
+    await runRecoverToken();
+
+    expect(mockSignIn).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(mockWriteMeta).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      expect.objectContaining({ adminToken: fakeToken.plaintext }),
+    );
+  });
+
+  it('uses label containing "recovery token"', async () => {
+    mockLoadSession.mockReturnValueOnce({ cookie: fakeCookie, userId: 'u1', email: 'a@b.com' });
+    mockValidateSession.mockResolvedValueOnce(true);
+    mockReadMeta.mockReturnValue(fakeMeta);
+    mockFetch.mockResolvedValueOnce({
+      ok: true,
+      status: 200,
+      json: async () => fakeToken,
+    });
+
+    await runRecoverToken();
+
+    const call = mockFetch.mock.calls[0] as [string, RequestInit];
+    const body = JSON.parse(call[1].body as string) as { label: string };
+    expect(body.label).toMatch(/CLI recovery token/);
+  });
+});

packages/mosaic/src/commands/gateway/rotate-token.spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,205 @@
+import { describe, it, expect, vi, beforeEach } from 'vitest';
+
+// ─── Mocks ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+vi.mock('../../auth.js', () => ({
+  loadSession: vi.fn(),
+  validateSession: vi.fn(),
+  signIn: vi.fn(),
+  saveSession: vi.fn(),
+}));
+
+vi.mock('./daemon.js', () => ({
+  readMeta: vi.fn(),
+  writeMeta: vi.fn(),
+}));
+
+vi.mock('./login.js', () => ({
+  getGatewayUrl: vi.fn().mockReturnValue('http://localhost:14242'),
+}));
+
+// Mock global fetch
+const mockFetch = vi.fn();
+vi.stubGlobal('fetch', mockFetch);
+
+import { runRotateToken, mintAdminToken, persistToken } from './token-ops.js';
+import { loadSession, validateSession } from '../../auth.js';
+import { readMeta, writeMeta } from './daemon.js';
+
+const mockLoadSession = vi.mocked(loadSession);
+const mockValidateSession = vi.mocked(validateSession);
+const mockReadMeta = vi.mocked(readMeta);
+const mockWriteMeta = vi.mocked(writeMeta);
+
+const baseUrl = 'http://localhost:14242';
+const fakeCookie = 'better-auth.session_token=sess123';
+const fakeToken = {
+  id: 'tok-1',
+  label: 'CLI rotated token (2026-04-04)',
+  plaintext: 'abcdef1234567890',
+};
+const fakeMeta = {
+  version: '1.0.0',
+  installedAt: '',
+  entryPoint: '',
+  host: 'localhost',
+  port: 14242,
+};
+
+describe('mintAdminToken', () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    vi.clearAllMocks();
+  });
+
+  it('calls the admin tokens endpoint with the session cookie and returns the token', async () => {
+    mockFetch.mockResolvedValueOnce({
+      ok: true,
+      status: 200,
+      json: async () => fakeToken,
+    });
+
+    const result = await mintAdminToken(baseUrl, fakeCookie, fakeToken.label);
+
+    expect(mockFetch).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      `${baseUrl}/api/admin/tokens`,
+      expect.objectContaining({
+        method: 'POST',
+        headers: expect.objectContaining({ Cookie: fakeCookie }),
+      }),
+    );
+    expect(result).toEqual(fakeToken);
+  });
+
+  it('exits 2 on 401 from the server', async () => {
+    mockFetch.mockResolvedValueOnce({ ok: false, status: 401, text: async () => 'Unauthorized' });
+    const processExitSpy = vi
+      .spyOn(process, 'exit')
+      .mockImplementation((_code?: number | string | null | undefined) => {
+        throw new Error(`process.exit(${String(_code)})`);
+      });
+
+    await expect(mintAdminToken(baseUrl, fakeCookie, 'label')).rejects.toThrow('process.exit(2)');
+    expect(processExitSpy).toHaveBeenCalledWith(2);
+    processExitSpy.mockRestore();
+  });
+
+  it('exits 2 on 403 from the server', async () => {
+    mockFetch.mockResolvedValueOnce({ ok: false, status: 403, text: async () => 'Forbidden' });
+    const processExitSpy = vi
+      .spyOn(process, 'exit')
+      .mockImplementation((_code?: number | string | null | undefined) => {
+        throw new Error(`process.exit(${String(_code)})`);
+      });
+
+    await expect(mintAdminToken(baseUrl, fakeCookie, 'label')).rejects.toThrow('process.exit(2)');
+    expect(processExitSpy).toHaveBeenCalledWith(2);
+    processExitSpy.mockRestore();
+  });
+
+  it('exits 3 on other non-ok status', async () => {
+    mockFetch.mockResolvedValueOnce({ ok: false, status: 500, text: async () => 'Internal Error' });
+    const processExitSpy = vi
+      .spyOn(process, 'exit')
+      .mockImplementation((_code?: number | string | null | undefined) => {
+        throw new Error(`process.exit(${String(_code)})`);
+      });
+
+    await expect(mintAdminToken(baseUrl, fakeCookie, 'label')).rejects.toThrow('process.exit(3)');
+    expect(processExitSpy).toHaveBeenCalledWith(3);
+    processExitSpy.mockRestore();
+  });
+
+  it('exits 1 on network error', async () => {
+    mockFetch.mockRejectedValueOnce(new Error('connection refused'));
+    const processExitSpy = vi
+      .spyOn(process, 'exit')
+      .mockImplementation((_code?: number | string | null | undefined) => {
+        throw new Error(`process.exit(${String(_code)})`);
+      });
+
+    await expect(mintAdminToken(baseUrl, fakeCookie, 'label')).rejects.toThrow('process.exit(1)');
+    expect(processExitSpy).toHaveBeenCalledWith(1);
+    processExitSpy.mockRestore();
+  });
+});
+
+describe('persistToken', () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    vi.clearAllMocks();
+  });
+
+  it('writes the new token to meta.json', () => {
+    mockReadMeta.mockReturnValueOnce(fakeMeta);
+    const consoleSpy = vi.spyOn(console, 'log').mockImplementation(() => {});
+
+    persistToken(baseUrl, fakeToken);
+
+    expect(mockWriteMeta).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      expect.objectContaining({ adminToken: fakeToken.plaintext }),
+    );
+    consoleSpy.mockRestore();
+  });
+
+  it('prints a masked preview of the token', () => {
+    mockReadMeta.mockReturnValueOnce(fakeMeta);
+    const consoleSpy = vi.spyOn(console, 'log').mockImplementation(() => {});
+
+    persistToken(baseUrl, fakeToken);
+
+    const allOutput = consoleSpy.mock.calls.map((c) => c.join(' ')).join('\n');
+    expect(allOutput).toContain('abcdef12...');
+    consoleSpy.mockRestore();
+  });
+});
+
+describe('runRotateToken', () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    vi.clearAllMocks();
+    vi.spyOn(console, 'error').mockImplementation(() => {});
+    vi.spyOn(console, 'log').mockImplementation(() => {});
+  });
+
+  it('exits 2 when there is no stored session', async () => {
+    mockLoadSession.mockReturnValueOnce(null);
+    const processExitSpy = vi
+      .spyOn(process, 'exit')
+      .mockImplementation((_code?: number | string | null | undefined) => {
+        throw new Error(`process.exit(${String(_code)})`);
+      });
+
+    await expect(runRotateToken()).rejects.toThrow('process.exit(2)');
+    expect(processExitSpy).toHaveBeenCalledWith(2);
+    processExitSpy.mockRestore();
+  });
+
+  it('exits 2 when session is invalid', async () => {
+    mockLoadSession.mockReturnValueOnce({ cookie: fakeCookie, userId: 'u1', email: 'a@b.com' });
+    mockValidateSession.mockResolvedValueOnce(false);
+    const processExitSpy = vi
+      .spyOn(process, 'exit')
+      .mockImplementation((_code?: number | string | null | undefined) => {
+        throw new Error(`process.exit(${String(_code)})`);
+      });
+
+    await expect(runRotateToken()).rejects.toThrow('process.exit(2)');
+    expect(processExitSpy).toHaveBeenCalledWith(2);
+    processExitSpy.mockRestore();
+  });
+
+  it('mints and persists a new token when session is valid', async () => {
+    mockLoadSession.mockReturnValueOnce({ cookie: fakeCookie, userId: 'u1', email: 'a@b.com' });
+    mockValidateSession.mockResolvedValueOnce(true);
+    mockReadMeta.mockReturnValue(fakeMeta);
+    mockFetch.mockResolvedValueOnce({
+      ok: true,
+      status: 200,
+      json: async () => fakeToken,
+    });
+
+    await runRotateToken();
+
+    expect(mockWriteMeta).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      expect.objectContaining({ adminToken: fakeToken.plaintext }),
+    );
+  });
+});

packages/mosaic/src/commands/gateway/token-ops.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+import { createInterface } from 'node:readline';
+import { loadSession, validateSession, signIn, saveSession } from '../../auth.js';
+import { readMeta, writeMeta } from './daemon.js';
+import { getGatewayUrl } from './login.js';
+
+interface MintedToken {
+  id: string;
+  label: string;
+  plaintext: string;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Call POST /api/admin/tokens with the session cookie and return the minted token.
+ * Exits the process on network or auth errors.
+ */
+export async function mintAdminToken(
+  gatewayUrl: string,
+  cookie: string,
+  label: string,
+): Promise<MintedToken> {
+  let res: Response;
+  try {
+    res = await fetch(`${gatewayUrl}/api/admin/tokens`, {
+      method: 'POST',
+      headers: {
+        'Content-Type': 'application/json',
+        Cookie: cookie,
+        Origin: gatewayUrl,
+      },
+      body: JSON.stringify({ label, scope: 'admin' }),
+    });
+  } catch (err) {
+    console.error(
+      `Could not reach gateway at ${gatewayUrl}: ${err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err)}`,
+    );
+    process.exit(1);
+  }
+
+  if (res.status === 401 || res.status === 403) {
+    console.error(
+      `Session rejected by the gateway (${res.status.toString()}) — your session may be expired.`,
+    );
+    console.error('Run: mosaic gateway login');
+    process.exit(2);
+  }
+
+  if (!res.ok) {
+    const body = await res.text().catch(() => '');
+    console.error(
+      `Gateway rejected token creation (${res.status.toString()}): ${body.slice(0, 200)}`,
+    );
+    process.exit(3);
+  }
+
+  const data = (await res.json()) as { id: string; label: string; plaintext: string };
+  return { id: data.id, label: data.label, plaintext: data.plaintext };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Persist the new token into meta.json and print the confirmation banner.
+ */
+export function persistToken(gatewayUrl: string, minted: MintedToken): void {
+  const meta = readMeta() ?? {
+    version: 'unknown',
+    installedAt: new Date().toISOString(),
+    entryPoint: '',
+    host: new URL(gatewayUrl).hostname,
+    port: parseInt(new URL(gatewayUrl).port || '14242', 10),
+  };
+
+  writeMeta({ ...meta, adminToken: minted.plaintext });
+
+  const preview = `${minted.plaintext.slice(0, 8)}...`;
+  console.log();
+  console.log(`Token minted:  ${minted.label}`);
+  console.log(`Preview:       ${preview}`);
+  console.log('Token saved to meta.json. Use it with admin endpoints.');
+}
+
+/**
+ * Require a valid session for the given gateway URL.
+ * Returns the session cookie or exits if not authenticated.
+ */
+export async function requireSession(gatewayUrl: string): Promise<string> {
+  const session = loadSession(gatewayUrl);
+  if (session) {
+    const valid = await validateSession(gatewayUrl, session.cookie);
+    if (valid) return session.cookie;
+  }
+  console.error('Not signed in or session expired.');
+  console.error('Run: mosaic gateway login');
+  process.exit(2);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Ensure a valid session for the gateway, prompting for credentials if needed.
+ * On sign-in failure, prints the error and exits non-zero.
+ * Returns the session cookie.
+ */
+export async function ensureSession(gatewayUrl: string): Promise<string> {
+  // Try the stored session first
+  const session = loadSession(gatewayUrl);
+  if (session) {
+    const valid = await validateSession(gatewayUrl, session.cookie);
+    if (valid) return session.cookie;
+    console.log('Stored session is invalid or expired. Please sign in again.');
+  } else {
+    console.log(`No session found for ${gatewayUrl}. Please sign in.`);
+  }
+
+  // Prompt for credentials
+  const rl = createInterface({ input: process.stdin, output: process.stdout });
+  const ask = (q: string): Promise<string> => new Promise((resolve) => rl.question(q, resolve));
+
+  const email = (await ask('Email: ')).trim();
+  const password = (await ask('Password: ')).trim();
+  rl.close();
+
+  const auth = await signIn(gatewayUrl, email, password).catch((err: unknown) => {
+    console.error(err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err));
+    process.exit(2);
+  });
+
+  saveSession(gatewayUrl, auth);
+  console.log(`Signed in as ${auth.email}`);
+  return auth.cookie;
+}
+
+/**
+ * `mosaic gateway config rotate-token` — requires an existing valid session.
+ */
+export async function runRotateToken(gatewayUrl?: string): Promise<void> {
+  const url = getGatewayUrl(gatewayUrl);
+  const cookie = await requireSession(url);
+  const label = `CLI rotated token (${new Date().toISOString().slice(0, 10)})`;
+  const minted = await mintAdminToken(url, cookie, label);
+  persistToken(url, minted);
+}
+
+/**
+ * `mosaic gateway config recover-token` — prompts for login if no session exists.
+ */
+export async function runRecoverToken(gatewayUrl?: string): Promise<void> {
+  const url = getGatewayUrl(gatewayUrl);
+  const cookie = await ensureSession(url);
+  const label = `CLI recovery token (${new Date().toISOString().slice(0, 16).replace('T', ' ')})`;
+  const minted = await mintAdminToken(url, cookie, label);
+  persistToken(url, minted);
+}