diff --git a/packages/bus/README.md b/packages/bus/README.md
index 7293f98db..4694e08b5 100644
--- a/packages/bus/README.md
+++ b/packages/bus/README.md
@@ -140,11 +140,11 @@ an operator inspect content and delivery evidence after an uncertain result.
 | `role.release` | No args; only its current holder releases. |
 | `role.revoke` | `{role,decision}`; needs human-approved gated decision for this exact target and holder incarnation. |
 | `decision.raise` | `{action,question,options:[{key,text}],recommendation,blocking,domain?,target?,project?,task_ref?,requirement_ref?,supersedes?,choice?,approvalChoice?}`. Returns decision with decoded options and authorization context. A blocking decision holds a task: `blocking` true with no `task_ref` refuses `task-required`. A non-blocking one needs no task, and a gated action such as `prd.approve` or `role.revoke` still routes to the human's inbox. |
-| `decision.resolve` | `{id,choice,note?}`; option must exist, resolver must be routed role or outside-agent human CLI. |
+| `decision.resolve` | `{id,choice,note?}`; option must exist, resolver must be routed role or outside-agent human CLI. Sends the raising role a DECISION message (Decision close messages, below). |
 | `decision.seen` | `{id,note?}`; acknowledgement by resolver, not a resolution. |
-| `decision.withdraw` | `{id,note?}`; raiser or human. Never rewrites the decision. |
+| `decision.withdraw` | `{id,note?}`; raiser or human. Never rewrites the decision. A human withdraw sends the raising role a DECISION message; the raising run's own withdraw sends none. |
 | `message.send` | `{to,body,class?,in_reply_to?,corrects?,decision?}`; returns `{id,request}`. Human instruction's `request` is its `human.input` event ID. |
-| `message.receive` | No args; up to 100 undelivered messages for current holder, including originating `request` for human instructions. |
+| `message.receive` | No args; up to 100 undelivered messages for current holder, including originating `request` for human instructions. A human decision close's message carries the close's `human.input` answer event as its `request`; a role close's has `null`. |
 | `message.read` | `{id}`; recipient holder's acknowledgement; no new holder can acknowledge old holder's delivery. |
 | `review.request` | `{task_ref,commit,to,note?,decision?}`; action `review.request` (row 93, #1587). `commit` must be the task's latest pushed commit: an older one refuses `stale-commit`, any other `unknown-commit`. `to` must be another role holding `review.verdict` (`unknown-role`, `self-review`, `not-a-reviewer`). Writes a `review.requested` event `{task_ref,project,ref,commit,to,message,held}` and sends `to` a REVIEW-REQUEST message naming it. `held` is the run id holding the `to` role when the request is routed (row 105, #1599), or `null` when no run holds it: the message then waits for a claim, and the requester should tell whoever launches roles. Returns `{request,message,commit,ref,held}`. |
 | `review.verdict` | `{task_ref,request,verdict,body,decision?}`; action `review.verdict`. `verdict` is `approve` or `changes`. `request` must be a `review.requested` event on the task addressed to the caller's role (`request-not-found`), with no verdict yet (`verdict-exists`). Writes a `review.verdict` event `{task_ref,request,commit,verdict,message}` and sends the requesting role a REVIEW-RESULT in reply to the request's message. Returns `{verdict,message,commit}`. |
@@ -250,6 +250,32 @@ an uncertain external outcome must not be retried with that approval. S3/S6
 must implement their own external-operation identity and uncertain-outcome
 handling. Raising/superseding and resolving are transactional.
 
+### Decision close messages (row 115, #1609)
+
+A `decision.resolve` or `decision.withdraw` by anyone but the raising run sends
+the raising role one message, written in the same transaction as the close, so
+a refused close sends nothing. It goes to `raised_by_role` with class
+`DECISION`, `decision` set to the decision's id, and no `in_reply_to` or
+`corrects`. A human close is sent `from_role 'human'`, `from_run 'human-cli'`;
+a role close is sent from the closing role and run. It is routed like
+`message.send`'s: to the role's current holder, or with no holder until the
+next claim routes it. The body is
+
+```
+Decision <id> on <action> was resolved by <by>: <choice> (<option text>).
+Decision <id> on <action> was withdrawn by <by>.
+```
+
+where `<by>` is the close's `decision_events.by` (the human's name or the
+closing run). A close with a note adds `Note: <note>` on its own line.
+
+No message goes out for `decision.seen`, for the raising run's own withdraw, for
+a supersede (also the raising run's withdraw), or for a within-role decision,
+which closes inside `decision.raise`. `message.receive` gives a human close's
+message the close's `human.input` answer event as its `request`, so the role's
+turn cites it as it cites a human instruction; a role close's `request` is
+`null`. The message also appears in the decision's `trail`.
+
 ## Human and reader paths
 
 `src/human-cli.mjs <socket>` is S4's transport shim, not another product CLI.
diff --git a/packages/bus/src/broker.mjs b/packages/bus/src/broker.mjs
index f4a39194f..4ab951135 100644
--- a/packages/bus/src/broker.mjs
+++ b/packages/bus/src/broker.mjs
@@ -889,6 +889,30 @@ export class Broker {
             { kind: 'answer', decision: d.id, op, choice: a.choice ?? null },
             d.id,
           );
+        // Row 115 (#1609): a close by anyone but the raising run tells the raising role, routed like message.send's.
+        if (op !== 'seen' && (s.human || s.run !== d.raised_by_run)) {
+          const outcome =
+            op === 'resolved'
+              ? `resolved by ${by}: ${a.choice} (${JSON.parse(d.options).find((o) => o.key === a.choice).text})`
+              : `withdrawn by ${by}`;
+          const mid = randomUUID();
+          this.#store.run(
+            'INSERT INTO messages(id,at,business,from_role,from_run,to_role,class,in_reply_to,decision,corrects,body) VALUES(?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?)',
+            mid,
+            this.#now(),
+            s.business,
+            s.human ? 'human' : s.role,
+            s.human ? 'human-cli' : s.run,
+            d.raised_by_role,
+            'DECISION',
+            null,
+            d.id,
+            null,
+            `Decision ${d.id} on ${d.action} was ${outcome}.${a.note === undefined ? '' : `\nNote: ${a.note}`}`,
+          );
+          const h = this.#holder(s.business, d.raised_by_role);
+          this.#delivery(mid, 'routed', h?.op === 'claim' ? h : null);
+        }
         return { id: d.id, op };
       }
       case 'message.send': {
@@ -978,15 +1002,7 @@ export class Broker {
             s.human || s.tester ? null : this.#holder(s.business, s.role),
             s.human || s.tester ? 'cli' : 'broker',
           );
-        return rows.map((m) => ({
-          ...m,
-          request:
-            this.#store.get(
-              "SELECT id FROM events WHERE business=? AND kind='human.input' AND subject=? ORDER BY seq LIMIT 1",
-              s.business,
-              m.id,
-            )?.id ?? null,
-        }));
+        return rows.map((m) => ({ ...m, request: this.#request(s.business, m) }));
       }
       case 'message.read': {
         keys(a, ['id'], ['id']);
@@ -1292,6 +1308,24 @@ export class Broker {
       decision,
     );
   }
+  // A message's originating human.input: a human instruction's own, or for the
+  // message a human decision close sends (row 115, #1609), the close's answer.
+  // A decision has one close, so the answer is unique.
+  #request(business, m) {
+    const own = this.#store.get(
+      "SELECT id FROM events WHERE business=? AND kind='human.input' AND subject=? ORDER BY seq LIMIT 1",
+      business,
+      m.id,
+    );
+    if (own || m.class !== 'DECISION' || m.from_role !== 'human' || !m.decision) return own?.id ?? null;
+    return (
+      this.#store.get(
+        "SELECT id FROM events WHERE business=? AND kind='human.input' AND subject=? AND json_extract(body,'$.kind')='answer' AND json_extract(body,'$.op') IN ('resolved','withdrawn') ORDER BY seq LIMIT 1",
+        business,
+        m.decision,
+      )?.id ?? null
+    );
+  }
   // The message a review verb sends, routed like message.send's.
   #reviewMessage(s, mid, { to, cls, in_reply_to = null, decision = null, body }) {
     this.#store.run(
diff --git a/packages/bus/tests/decision-close.test.mjs b/packages/bus/tests/decision-close.test.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ee05c5349
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/bus/tests/decision-close.test.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+// Row 115 (#1609): a decision closed by anyone but the raising run sends the
+// raising role a DECISION message in the same transaction as the close.
+import test from 'node:test';
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import { mkdtempSync, rmSync } from 'node:fs';
+import { tmpdir } from 'node:os';
+import { join } from 'node:path';
+import { Store } from '../src/store.mjs';
+import { Broker } from '../src/broker.mjs';
+
+const options = [
+  { key: 'yes', text: 'Allow' },
+  { key: 'no', text: 'Decline' },
+];
+const roles = {
+  pm: { authority: { withinRole: ['message.send'], crossRole: [] } },
+  cto: { authority: { withinRole: ['message.send'], crossRole: [] } },
+  coder: { authority: { withinRole: ['message.send'], crossRole: ['task.scope.change'] } },
+};
+const businesses = { demo: { id: 'demo', human: 'jason', arbiters: { technical: 'cto', delivery: 'pm' }, roles } };
+
+function setup(t) {
+  const root = mkdtempSync(join(tmpdir(), 'bus-decision-close-'));
+  const store = new Store(root);
+  const b = new Broker({ store, businesses });
+  t.after(() => {
+    store.close();
+    rmSync(root, { recursive: true, force: true });
+  });
+  const agent = (role, run = `${role}-run`) => {
+    const cap = b.bindLaunch({ business: 'demo', role, run, harness: 'pi', address: run });
+    b.request(cap, { verb: 'role.claim' });
+    return cap;
+  };
+  const human = b.bindHuman({ business: 'demo', human: 'jason', via: 'cli', outsideAgent: true });
+  const coder = agent('coder');
+  const cto = agent('cto');
+  const pm = agent('pm');
+  // Routed to cto (technical arbiter), to pm (delivery arbiter), and to the human (gated).
+  const toCto = raise(b, coder, 'task.scope.change', { domain: 'technical', target: 'vikunja:3/1' });
+  const toPm = raise(b, coder, 'task.scope.change', { domain: 'delivery', target: 'vikunja:3/2' });
+  const toHuman = raise(b, coder, 'deploy', { target: 'release-1', task_ref: 'vikunja:3/3', blocking: true });
+  assert.deepEqual([toCto.route_to, toPm.route_to, toHuman.route_to], ['cto', 'pm', 'human']);
+  return { b, store, agent, human, coder, cto, pm, toCto, toPm, toHuman };
+}
+const call = (b, cap, verb, args = {}) => b.request(cap, { verb, args });
+const raise = (b, cap, action, extra = {}) =>
+  call(b, cap, 'decision.raise', { action, question: `${action}?`, options, recommendation: 'no', blocking: false, ...extra });
+const closes = (store) => store.all("SELECT * FROM messages WHERE class='DECISION' ORDER BY seq");
+const deliveries = (store, mid) =>
+  store.all('SELECT op,holder_run,transport,address FROM deliveries WHERE message=? ORDER BY seq', mid).map((r) => ({ ...r }));
+const answer = (store, decision) =>
+  store.get("SELECT id FROM events WHERE kind='human.input' AND subject=? AND json_extract(body,'$.kind')='answer'", decision).id;
+
+test('a human resolve sends the raising role one message from the human, and its request is the answer', (t) => {
+  const { b, store, human, coder, toHuman } = setup(t);
+  call(b, human, 'decision.resolve', { id: toHuman.id, choice: 'no', note: 'not today' });
+  const [m, ...rest] = closes(store);
+  assert.equal(rest.length, 0);
+  const closed = store.get("SELECT by FROM decision_events WHERE decision=? AND op='resolved'", toHuman.id);
+  assert.equal(closed.by, 'jason');
+  assert.equal(m.business, 'demo');
+  assert.equal(m.from_role, 'human');
+  assert.equal(m.from_run, 'human-cli');
+  assert.equal(m.to_role, 'coder');
+  assert.equal(m.class, 'DECISION');
+  assert.equal(m.in_reply_to, null);
+  assert.equal(m.decision, toHuman.id);
+  assert.equal(m.corrects, null);
+  assert.equal(m.body, `Decision ${toHuman.id} on deploy was resolved by jason: no (Decline).\nNote: not today`);
+  // Routed to the coder's holder, as message.send routes.
+  assert.deepEqual(deliveries(store, m.id), [{ op: 'routed', holder_run: 'coder-run', transport: 'pi', address: 'coder-run' }]);
+  const [got] = call(b, coder, 'message.receive');
+  assert.equal(got.id, m.id);
+  assert.equal(got.request, answer(store, toHuman.id));
+  // The message joins the decision's trail.
+  assert.ok(call(b, human, 'trail', { subject: toHuman.id }).some((r) => r.table === 'messages' && r.id === m.id));
+});
+
+test('a cross-role decision resolved by its arbiter comes from that role and run, with no request', (t) => {
+  const { b, store, coder, cto, toCto } = setup(t);
+  call(b, cto, 'decision.resolve', { id: toCto.id, choice: 'yes' });
+  const [m, ...rest] = closes(store);
+  assert.equal(rest.length, 0);
+  assert.equal(m.from_role, 'cto');
+  assert.equal(m.from_run, 'cto-run');
+  assert.equal(m.to_role, 'coder');
+  assert.equal(m.decision, toCto.id);
+  // No note, so no Note line; by is the arbiter's run.
+  assert.equal(m.body, `Decision ${toCto.id} on task.scope.change was resolved by cto-run: yes (Allow).`);
+  const [got] = call(b, coder, 'message.receive');
+  assert.equal(got.id, m.id);
+  assert.equal(got.request, null);
+});
+
+test('a human withdraw sends one message with the note', (t) => {
+  const { b, store, human, coder, toPm } = setup(t);
+  call(b, human, 'decision.withdraw', { id: toPm.id, note: 'superseded by the plan\nsee #1609' });
+  const [m, ...rest] = closes(store);
+  assert.equal(rest.length, 0);
+  assert.equal(m.from_role, 'human');
+  assert.equal(m.to_role, 'coder');
+  assert.equal(m.body, `Decision ${toPm.id} on task.scope.change was withdrawn by jason.\nNote: superseded by the plan\nsee #1609`);
+  const [got] = call(b, coder, 'message.receive');
+  assert.equal(got.request, answer(store, toPm.id));
+});
+
+test("the raising run's withdraw, a supersede, a within-role raise and seen send nothing", (t) => {
+  const { b, store, human, coder, cto, toCto, toPm, toHuman } = setup(t);
+  call(b, coder, 'decision.withdraw', { id: toPm.id, note: 'not needed' });
+  raise(b, coder, 'task.scope.change', { domain: 'technical', target: 'vikunja:3/1', supersedes: toCto.id });
+  raise(b, coder, 'message.send', { choice: 'yes' });
+  const late = raise(b, coder, 'task.scope.change', { domain: 'technical', target: 'vikunja:3/4' });
+  call(b, cto, 'decision.seen', { id: late.id, note: 'looking' });
+  call(b, human, 'decision.seen', { id: toHuman.id });
+  // Three withdrawals or closes and two seen rows, and no DECISION message.
+  assert.equal(store.get("SELECT count(*) AS n FROM decision_events WHERE op IN ('withdrawn','resolved')").n, 3);
+  assert.equal(store.get("SELECT count(*) AS n FROM decision_events WHERE op='seen'").n, 2);
+  assert.deepEqual(closes(store), []);
+  assert.deepEqual(call(b, coder, 'message.receive'), []);
+});
+
+test('refused closes send nothing: invalid-choice, decision-closed, not-resolver', (t) => {
+  const { b, store, human, coder, cto, pm, toCto, toPm, toHuman } = setup(t);
+  assert.throws(() => call(b, human, 'decision.resolve', { id: toHuman.id, choice: 'maybe' }), /invalid-choice/);
+  assert.throws(() => call(b, pm, 'decision.resolve', { id: toCto.id, choice: 'yes' }), /not-resolver/);
+  assert.throws(() => call(b, cto, 'decision.withdraw', { id: toCto.id }), /not-resolver/);
+  assert.deepEqual(closes(store), []);
+  call(b, pm, 'decision.resolve', { id: toPm.id, choice: 'no' });
+  assert.equal(closes(store).length, 1);
+  assert.throws(() => call(b, pm, 'decision.resolve', { id: toPm.id, choice: 'yes' }), /decision-closed/);
+  assert.throws(() => call(b, human, 'decision.withdraw', { id: toPm.id }), /decision-closed/);
+  assert.equal(closes(store).length, 1);
+  assert.equal(call(b, coder, 'message.receive').length, 1);
+});
+
+test('a raising role nobody holds at the close gets the message on the next claim', (t) => {
+  const { b, store, agent, human, coder, toHuman } = setup(t);
+  call(b, coder, 'role.release');
+  call(b, human, 'decision.resolve', { id: toHuman.id, choice: 'yes' });
+  const [m] = closes(store);
+  assert.deepEqual(deliveries(store, m.id), [{ op: 'routed', holder_run: null, transport: null, address: null }]);
+  const next = agent('coder', 'coder-run-2');
+  assert.deepEqual(deliveries(store, m.id).at(-1), { op: 'routed', holder_run: 'coder-run-2', transport: 'pi', address: 'coder-run-2' });
+  const [got] = call(b, next, 'message.receive');
+  assert.equal(got.id, m.id);
+  assert.equal(got.body, `Decision ${toHuman.id} on deploy was resolved by jason: yes (Allow).`);
+  assert.equal(got.request, answer(store, toHuman.id));
+  assert.equal(deliveries(store, m.id).at(-1).op, 'delivered');
+});
+
+test("a human DECISION send keeps its own instruction as the request, not a close's answer", (t) => {
+  const { b, store, human, coder, toHuman } = setup(t);
+  call(b, human, 'decision.resolve', { id: toHuman.id, choice: 'no' });
+  const sent = call(b, human, 'message.send', { to: 'coder', body: 'about that', class: 'DECISION', decision: toHuman.id });
+  const got = call(b, coder, 'message.receive');
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    got.map((m) => [m.from_role, m.request]),
+    [
+      ['human', answer(store, toHuman.id)],
+      ['human', sent.request],
+    ],
+  );
+  assert.notEqual(sent.request, answer(store, toHuman.id));
+});
diff --git a/packages/bus/tests/single-use.test.mjs b/packages/bus/tests/single-use.test.mjs
index 00aed1d99..65e36292d 100644
--- a/packages/bus/tests/single-use.test.mjs
+++ b/packages/bus/tests/single-use.test.mjs
@@ -216,7 +216,9 @@ test('message.send consumes approval and prevents a later send or authorize', (t
     /decision-consumed/,
   );
   assert.throws(() => f.use(d), /decision-consumed/);
-  assert.equal(f.store.get('SELECT count(*) AS n FROM messages').n, 1);
+  // The approval's close sent the raiser one DECISION message (row 115, #1609); one send got through.
+  assert.equal(f.store.get("SELECT count(*) AS n FROM messages WHERE class='DECISION'").n, 1);
+  assert.equal(f.store.get("SELECT count(*) AS n FROM messages WHERE class<>'DECISION'").n, 1);
   const fresh = f.approve('message.send', 'delivery', 'pm');
   f.use(fresh);
   assert.throws(
diff --git a/packages/harness/tests/runner.test.mjs b/packages/harness/tests/runner.test.mjs
index 896e5bafa..29d17af4b 100644
--- a/packages/harness/tests/runner.test.mjs
+++ b/packages/harness/tests/runner.test.mjs
@@ -266,6 +266,42 @@ test("a message read a day after it was sent shows the time it was sent", async
   assert.ok(Date.parse(reply.at) - Date.parse(sentAt) >= 86_000_000);
 });
 
+// Row 115 (#1609): the human closing the role's decision gives the role a turn. The runner is unchanged;
+// the header cites the decision and the close's human.input answer as the request.
+test("a decision the human resolves becomes a turn citing the decision and the answer", async (t) => {
+  const ctx = await setup(t);
+  const r = startRunner(ctx.runDir, ctx.cap);
+  t.after(() => r.child.kill("SIGKILL"));
+  await until(() => ctx.store.get("SELECT 1 FROM role_claims WHERE role='coder' AND op='claim'"));
+  const d = ctx.call(ctx.cap, "decision.raise", {
+    action: "deploy",
+    target: "release-1",
+    question: "Ship release-1?",
+    options: [{ key: "yes", text: "Allow" }, { key: "no", text: "Decline" }],
+    recommendation: "yes",
+    blocking: false,
+  });
+  assert.equal(d.route_to, "human");
+  ctx.call(ctx.human, "decision.resolve", { id: d.id, choice: "yes" });
+  const m = ctx.store.get("SELECT id,at FROM messages WHERE class='DECISION' AND decision=?", d.id);
+  const answer = ctx.store.get("SELECT id FROM events WHERE kind='human.input' AND subject=?", d.id).id;
+  const [reply] = await until(() => {
+    const got = ctx.call(ctx.human, "message.receive");
+    return got.length ? got : null;
+  });
+  assert.equal(reply.from_role, "coder");
+  assert.equal(reply.class, "RESULT");
+  assert.equal(reply.in_reply_to, m.id);
+  assert.ok(
+    reply.body.endsWith(
+      `\nMessage ${m.id} from human, sent ${m.at}, class DECISION, citing decision ${d.id}, request ${answer}:\n\n` +
+        `Decision ${d.id} on deploy was resolved by jason: yes (Allow).`,
+    ),
+    reply.body,
+  );
+  await until(() => ctx.store.get("SELECT 1 FROM deliveries WHERE message=? AND op='read'", m.id));
+});
+
 test("a failed state read fails the turn: no adapter runs, the sender hears why, the message is read", async (t) => {
   const ctx = await setup(t);
   ctx.inbox = [];