chore: consolidate new foundation and archive v1 (#1495)
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# Plugin Structure: Install Method Requirements
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## Rule
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A Vue plugin must be either an object with an `install()` method, or a function that serves as the install function. The install function receives the app instance and optional user-provided options.
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## Why This Matters
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1. **API contract**: Vue's `app.use()` expects a specific interface. Incorrect structure causes silent failures or errors.
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2. **Options passing**: The install method receives options that users pass to `app.use()`, enabling plugin configuration.
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3. **App access**: The install method receives the app instance, providing access to `app.component()`, `app.directive()`, `app.provide()`, etc.
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## Plugin Structures
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### Object with install method (recommended)
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```typescript
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// plugins/myPlugin.ts
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import type { App } from 'vue';
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interface PluginOptions {
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prefix?: string;
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debug?: boolean;
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}
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const myPlugin = {
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install(app: App, options: PluginOptions = {}) {
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const { prefix = 'my', debug = false } = options;
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if (debug) {
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console.log('Installing myPlugin with prefix:', prefix);
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}
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app.provide('myPlugin', { prefix });
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},
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};
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export default myPlugin;
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// Usage
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app.use(myPlugin, { prefix: 'custom', debug: true });
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```
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### Function as install (alternative)
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```typescript
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// plugins/simplePlugin.ts
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import type { App } from 'vue';
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function simplePlugin(app: App, options?: { message: string }) {
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app.config.globalProperties.$greet = () => {
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return options?.message ?? 'Hello!';
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};
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}
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export default simplePlugin;
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// Usage
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app.use(simplePlugin, { message: 'Welcome!' });
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```
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### Factory function pattern (most flexible)
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```typescript
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// plugins/configuredPlugin.ts
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import type { App, Plugin } from 'vue';
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interface I18nOptions {
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locale: string;
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messages: Record<string, Record<string, string>>;
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fallbackLocale?: string;
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}
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export function createI18n(options: I18nOptions): Plugin {
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return {
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install(app: App) {
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// Options are captured in closure - no need to pass through app.use()
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const { locale, messages, fallbackLocale = 'en' } = options;
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const translate = (key: string): string => {
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return messages[locale]?.[key] ?? messages[fallbackLocale]?.[key] ?? key;
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};
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app.provide('i18n', { translate, locale });
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},
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};
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}
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// Usage - options passed to factory, not app.use()
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const i18n = createI18n({
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locale: 'fr',
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messages: {
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en: { hello: 'Hello' },
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fr: { hello: 'Bonjour' },
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},
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});
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app.use(i18n); // No second argument needed
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```
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## Common Plugin Capabilities
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```typescript
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const fullFeaturedPlugin = {
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install(app: App, options: PluginOptions) {
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// 1. Register global components
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app.component('MyButton', MyButtonComponent);
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app.component('MyInput', MyInputComponent);
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// 2. Register global directives
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app.directive('focus', focusDirective);
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// 3. Provide injectable values (recommended)
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app.provide('pluginConfig', options);
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// 4. Add global properties (use sparingly)
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app.config.globalProperties.$myHelper = helperFunction;
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// 5. Add global mixins (avoid if possible)
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app.mixin({
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created() {
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// Runs for every component
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},
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});
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// 6. Custom error handling
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app.config.errorHandler = (err, vm, info) => {
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// Handle errors
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};
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},
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};
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```
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## TypeScript: Plugin Type
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Use the `Plugin` type for proper typing:
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```typescript
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import type { App, Plugin } from 'vue';
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// With options type parameter
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interface MyOptions {
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apiKey: string;
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}
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const myPlugin: Plugin<[MyOptions]> = {
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install(app: App, options: MyOptions) {
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// options is typed as MyOptions
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},
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};
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// Without options
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const simplePlugin: Plugin = {
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install(app: App) {
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// No options expected
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},
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};
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```
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## Common Mistakes
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### Missing install method
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```typescript
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// BAD - This is just an object, not a plugin
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const notAPlugin = {
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doSomething() {
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/* ... */
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},
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};
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app.use(notAPlugin); // Error or silent failure
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// GOOD
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const actualPlugin = {
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install(app) {
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app.provide('service', {
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doSomething() {
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/* ... */
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},
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});
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},
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};
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```
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### Forgetting to use the app parameter
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```typescript
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// BAD - Does nothing
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const uselessPlugin = {
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install(app, options) {
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const service = createService(options);
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// Forgot to register anything with app!
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},
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};
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// GOOD
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const usefulPlugin = {
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install(app, options) {
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const service = createService(options);
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app.provide('service', service); // Actually makes it available
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},
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};
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```
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## References
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- [Vue.js Plugins Documentation](https://vuejs.org/guide/reusability/plugins.html)
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- [Vue.js Application API](https://vuejs.org/api/application.html)
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