fix(org): D2 security review: live identity refuses, clear only inspected entries, no revive from an agent run

- busRecover: a live pid with the recorded start time is the recorded process, so it refuses
  ("bus host identity is uncertain") whatever its argv. It used to read a mismatching argv as a dead
  host. The pinned recovery test now covers a reused pid (live, other start time) as the wrong
  process, and a new test covers the refusal.
- busRecover clears through setAside: each inspected entry is renamed aside and checked by device
  and inode; a swapped entry puts everything back and refuses before any receipt or deletion, and
  the deletion names only the aside entries.
- mosaic bus recover refuses inside an agent run (refuseInsideAgent), like mosaic org reload. The
  Console-start revive does nothing when the Console's own environment carries an agent marker.
- Tests: org-recovery (identity, agent refusal), org-revive (setAside swap), bus-revive (markers);
  the other reviveBuses tests pass an explicit env.

packages/bus/src/autonomy-host.mjs

@@ -5,8 +5,11 @@ import { randomBytes } from 'node:crypto';
 import { prepareRevert, finishLand, dropLand } from '../../seat/src/working.mjs';
 import { isMosaicStack, runGate, gateEnv } from '../../seat/src/landing.mjs';
 const refuse=code=>{throw Object.assign(new Error(code),{code});};
-export function autonomyHost({writer,dataRoot,business,hires,reload,processing,env=process.env,gate={classify:isMosaicStack,run:runGate}}) {
+// countsAccount(name) answers what the named harness module declares (runtime harnessLevels);
+// the broker's authority budget check reads it here instead of naming a harness.
+export function autonomyHost({writer,dataRoot,business,hires,reload,processing,countsAccount=()=>null,env=process.env,gate={classify:isMosaicStack,run:runGate}}) {
   return {
+    countsAccount,
     get:id=>{const r=writer.read(id);return {revision:r.revision,autonomy:r.document.autonomy??{}};},
     set:(id,args,actor)=>{
       const old=writer.read(id);if(old.revision!==args.revision)refuse('revision-conflict');

packages/bus/src/broker.mjs

@@ -6415,7 +6415,7 @@ export class Broker {
           if(!role?.authority?.withinRole.includes(right) || (cls==='authority' && name===b.launch?.by))fail('autonomy-precondition');
         }
         if(['merge','policy'].includes(cls) && !Object.values(b.roles).some(r=>r.authority?.withinRole.includes('review.verdict')))fail('autonomy-precondition');
-        if(cls==='authority' && !authorityBudgetCovered(b))fail('autonomy-precondition');
+        if(cls==='authority' && !this.#budgetCovered(b))fail('autonomy-precondition');
         if(after==='out of the loop') {
           if(before!=='near the loop')fail('autonomy-precondition');
           const review=this.#store.get("SELECT seq,body FROM events WHERE business=? AND kind='action.allowed' AND json_extract(body,'$.operation')='autonomy.review' AND json_extract(body,'$.decisionClass')=? ORDER BY seq DESC LIMIT 1",s.business,cls);
@@ -6504,7 +6504,7 @@ export class Broker {
     let route='human';
     if(!immediate && level!=='in the loop' && p.level!=='root' && !p.flagged.length && !p.credentialLines.length) {
       if(level==='out of the loop')fail('authority-limits-unavailable');
-      if(!authorityBudgetCovered(this.#business(s.business)))fail('autonomy-precondition');
+      if(!this.#budgetCovered(this.#business(s.business)))fail('autonomy-precondition');
       route=b.autonomy?.authorityResolver;
       if(!b.roles[route]?.authority?.withinRole.includes('decision.resolve.authority'))fail('autonomy-precondition');
       if(route===s.role || resolverSubject(b,route,p.name))route='human';
@@ -6518,6 +6518,8 @@ export class Broker {
     if(immediate) return this.#hireConsole(s,'hire.resolve.console',{id:did,choice:'yes',digest:p.digest});
     return {...this.#decisionView(this.#decision(s,did)),hire:p};
   }
+  // The harness fact comes from the host's loaded modules; no host, no account coverage.
+  #budgetCovered(b) { return authorityBudgetCovered(b,{countsAccount:this.#autonomyHost?.countsAccount}); }
   // Trusted runtime inverse only; never a socket verb.
   hireReverse(...args) {
     if(!this.#hires?.reverse)fail('reversal-unavailable');
@@ -6534,7 +6536,7 @@ export class Broker {
       if(this.#expireHire(s,d,p))fail('decision-expired');
       if(this.#autonomyLevel(d)==='in the loop')fail('hire-resolution-required');
       if(this.#autonomyLevel(d)==='out of the loop')fail('authority-limits-unavailable');
-      if(!authorityBudgetCovered(this.#business(s.business)))fail('autonomy-precondition');
+      if(!this.#budgetCovered(this.#business(s.business)))fail('autonomy-precondition');
       if(!this.#business(s.business).roles[s.role]?.authority?.withinRole.includes('decision.resolve.authority'))fail('not-resolver');
     };
     validate();
@@ -6554,7 +6556,7 @@ export class Broker {
     const recheck=()=>{
       this.#agent(s);
       if(this.#autonomyLevel(d)==='out of the loop')fail('authority-limits-unavailable');
-      if(!authorityBudgetCovered(this.#business(s.business)))fail('autonomy-precondition');
+      if(!this.#budgetCovered(this.#business(s.business)))fail('autonomy-precondition');
       if(this.#autonomyLevel(d)==='in the loop' || !this.#business(s.business).roles[s.role]?.authority?.withinRole.includes('decision.resolve.authority') || resolverSubject(this.#business(s.business),s.role,p.name))fail('not-resolver');
     };
     recheck();

packages/bus/src/runtime.mjs

@@ -99,6 +99,9 @@ export async function webServices(businesses, { log = (e) => process.stderr.writ
 // checks a write runs, which are synchronous. A module that doesn't load, or answers anything but a
 // list of names, answers null, which refuses the write. The tree is pinned, so a module changes only
 // with a re-pin, and a re-pin restarts the bus.
+// AU (#1873): the same pass records each module's countsAccount() answer, which decides whether an
+// account quota covers authority hires. It is read once here; an installed harness whose lock pin
+// has changed since answers null (not covered) until the bus restarts and reads the new module.
 export async function harnessLevels({ log = (e) => process.stderr.write(`plugins: ${JSON.stringify(e)}\n`), dataRoot = null } = {}) {
   const levels = new Map();
   let names = [];
@@ -107,22 +110,37 @@ export async function harnessLevels({ log = (e) => process.stderr.write(`plugins
   } catch (e) {
     log({ event: 'harness-levels-unread', message: e.message });
   }
+  let pins = {};
   if (dataRoot !== null) {
-    try { names = [...new Set([...names,...Object.keys(readPluginLock(dataRoot).plugins).filter(name=>hasModule('harness',name,dataRoot))])]; }
+    try { pins = readPluginLock(dataRoot).plugins; names = [...new Set([...names,...Object.keys(pins).filter(name=>hasModule('harness',name,dataRoot))])]; }
     catch { log({event:'harness-levels-unread',message:'installed harness discovery refused'}); }
   }
+  const accounts = new Map();
   for (const name of names) {
     const loader = createLoader({ log, dataRoot });
     if ((await loader.load({ harness: [name] })).refused.length) continue;
+    const [module] = loader.modules('harness');
     try {
-      const list = loader.modules('harness')[0].levels();
+      const list = module.levels();
       if (Array.isArray(list) && list.every((level) => typeof level === 'string')) levels.set(name, Object.freeze([...list]));
     } catch (e) {
       log({ event: 'harness-levels-failed', name, message: e.message });
     }
+    // AU (#1873): whether this harness's launches spend launch.account, as its module declares.
+    try {
+      const counts = module.countsAccount();
+      if (typeof counts === 'boolean') accounts.set(name, counts);
+    } catch (e) {
+      log({ event: 'harness-account-failed', name, message: e.message });
+    }
   }
   const lookup = (name) => levels.get(name) ?? null;
   lookup.names = [...levels.keys()].sort();
+  const pinned = (name) => {
+    if (!Object.hasOwn(pins, name)) return true;
+    try { return readPluginLock(dataRoot).plugins[name]?.sha256 === pins[name].sha256; } catch { return false; }
+  };
+  lookup.countsAccount = (name) => (accounts.has(name) && pinned(name) ? accounts.get(name) : null);
   return lookup;
 }
 // Row 224 C2-05b: a host-only adapter. A failed fetch keeps serving immutable old
@@ -891,7 +909,7 @@ export async function startBroker({
         return INSTANCE_VERBS.has(verb)?{...result,restart:!live}:result;
       }):null,
       // Row 194 (D2.3): the role files as they stand, for the hire checks.
-      autonomy: organization ? autonomyHost({writer:organizationWriter({dir:organization.dir,rolesDir:organization.rolesDir,dataRoot:instanceRoot??dataRoot}),dataRoot,business:id=>businesses[id],hires:{reverse:(...args)=>broker.hireReverse(...args)},reload,processing}) : null,
+      autonomy: organization ? autonomyHost({writer:organizationWriter({dir:organization.dir,rolesDir:organization.rolesDir,dataRoot:instanceRoot??dataRoot}),dataRoot,business:id=>businesses[id],countsAccount:levels.countsAccount,hires:{reverse:(...args)=>broker.hireReverse(...args)},reload,processing}) : null,
       hires: organization ? (()=>{
         const service=hireDecisions({writer:organizationWriter({dir:organization.dir,rolesDir:organization.rolesDir,dataRoot:instanceRoot??dataRoot}),rolesDir:organization.rolesDir,configDir:organization.dir,dataRoot,
           system:organization.system,levels,catalogueFor:async(id,doc)=>doc.plugins?.['model-provider']?.length?catalogueFor(id,{fresh:true}):null,assertClean:value=>credentials.assertClean(value),scanDefinition:(name,entry)=>scanDefinitions({[name]:entry},value=>credentials.assertClean(value)),registryFor:doc=>organizationPlugins(instanceRoot??dataRoot,doc.plugins).registry});

packages/bus/tests/autonomy-authority.test.mjs

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import test from 'node:test';
 import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
-import {mkdtempSync,mkdirSync,rmSync} from 'node:fs';
+import {mkdtempSync,mkdirSync,readFileSync,rmSync} from 'node:fs';
 import {tmpdir} from 'node:os';
 import {join} from 'node:path';
 import {Broker} from '../src/broker.mjs';
@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@ function world(t,options={}) {
  const root=mkdtempSync(join(tmpdir(),'au-authority-')),rolesDir=rolesCopy(root),dataRoot=join(root,'data');mkdirSync(dataRoot,{mode:0o700});
  const doc=businessDoc(root,'demo');doc.plugins={harness:['pi'],'limit-check':['token-limit']};
  doc.launch.limits.tokens={providers:{zai:cap}};
+ // #1873: an account quota alone, covered only through the host's declared harness fact.
+ if(options.account){doc.launch.account={name:'shared',credential:'FIXTURE_TOKEN'};doc.launch.limits.tokens={keys:{shared:cap}};}
  doc.definitions={judge:{rev:1,role:{...inline,authority:{withinRole:['decision.resolve.authority'],crossRole:[]}},instructions:'Judge'},scout:{rev:3,role:structuredClone(inline),instructions:'Prior role'}};
  // Definition instructions live beside the role composition.
  for(const d of Object.values(doc.definitions))delete d.role.instructions;
@@ -31,7 +33,7 @@ function world(t,options={}) {
  const reload=id=>{if(reversing && options.crossAfterCommit)Date.now=()=>now()+3600001;if(reversing && options.reloadRefused)return false;broker.reloadBusiness(id,loaded());return true;};
  const service=hireDecisions({writer,rolesDir,configDir:root,dataRoot,assertClean:()=>{}});
  const hires=authorityHost(service,{reload,modelKeys:{prepareRevoke:async(instance,guard)=>{guard();assert.equal(instance,'demo/scout');order.push('prepare');},completeRevoke:instance=>{assert.equal(instance,'demo/scout');assert.ok(store.get("SELECT 1 FROM events WHERE json_extract(body,'$.action')='fire.stopped'"));assert.equal(writer.read('demo').document.definitions.scout.instructions,'Changed role');order.push('complete');}}});
- const host=autonomyHost({writer,dataRoot,business:()=>loaded(),hires,reload});
+ const host=autonomyHost({writer,dataRoot,business:()=>loaded(),hires,reload,...(options.countsAccount?{countsAccount:options.countsAccount}:{})});
  const instances=instanceSettings({dir:root,rolesDir,writer,revoke:()=>{order.push('fire-revoke');}});
  broker=new Broker({store,businesses:{demo:loaded()},hires,autonomy:host,organization:(id,verb,args,actor,context)=>{if(verb==='instance.fireCheck'){instances.checkFire(id,args.name);return {};}if(verb==='instance.fire')return instances.fire(id,args,{actor,context});throw Error('unexpected organization verb');}});
  const caps={};const call=(who,verb,args={})=>broker.request(caps[who],{verb,args});
@@ -107,3 +109,33 @@ test('AU inverse receipt-write failure returns committed with trailPending and n
  assert.equal(f.writer.read('demo').document.definitions.scout.instructions,'Prior role');
  assert.equal(f.store.get("SELECT count(*) n FROM events WHERE json_extract(body,'$.operation')='autonomy.reverse.failed'").n,0);
 });
+test('AU an account-quota authority raise routes to the resolver only when the host says every harness spends the account (#1873)',async t=>{
+ const covered=world(t,{account:true,countsAccount:name=>name==='pi'}),d=await covered.raise();assert.equal(d.route_to,'judge');
+ for(const countsAccount of [undefined,()=>false,()=>null]){
+  const f=world(t,{account:true,countsAccount});
+  await assert.rejects(f.raise(),{code:'autonomy-precondition'});
+  assert.equal(f.store.get("SELECT count(*) n FROM decisions").n,0);
+ }
+});
+// #1873 review finding 2: the runtime itself carries each harness module's countsAccount into the
+// broker's authority budget check. Only harness modules decide; the business names none here but
+// through plugins.harness.
+for(const [harness,code] of [['claude-code',null],['pi','autonomy-precondition']])test(`AU runtime: an account-quota authority setting with only ${harness} enabled ${code?'refuses':'saves'} (#1873)`,async t=>{
+ const {startBroker}=await import('../src/runtime.mjs');
+ const {systemFor}=await import('../../organization/tests/helpers.mjs');
+ const root=mkdtempSync(join(tmpdir(),'au-runtime-')),rolesDir=rolesCopy(root);t.after(()=>rmSync(root,{recursive:true,force:true}));
+ const doc=businessDoc(root,'demo');doc.plugins={harness:[harness],'limit-check':['token-limit']};
+ for(const r of Object.values(doc.roles))if(r.vars?.harness)r.vars.harness=harness;
+ doc.launch.account={name:'shared',credential:'FIXTURE_TOKEN'};doc.launch.limits.tokens={keys:{shared:cap}};
+ doc.definitions={judge:{rev:1,role:{...inline,authority:{withinRole:['decision.resolve.authority'],crossRole:[]}},instructions:'Judge'}};
+ delete doc.definitions.judge.role.instructions;
+ doc.roles.judge={definition:'org:judge',vars:{harness,model:'claude-opus-5-5'}};
+ writeJson(join(root,'businesses/demo.json'),doc);mkdirSync(join(root,'data'),{mode:0o700});
+ const loaded=()=>{const b=loadBusiness('demo',{dir:root,rolesDir});return {...b,roles:Object.fromEntries(Object.entries(b.roles).map(([n,e])=>[n,{...b.definitions[e.definition],...e}]))};};
+ const bus=await startBroker({dataRoot:join(root,'data'),businesses:{demo:loaded()},organization:{dir:root,rolesDir,system:systemFor(root)}});t.after(()=>bus.close());
+ const owner=bus.broker.bindConsole({business:'demo',human:'jason',subject:{provider:'test',iss:'test',sub:'owner'}});
+ const {revision}=await bus.broker.request(owner,{verb:'autonomy.get.console'});
+ const set=bus.broker.request(owner,{verb:'autonomy.set.console',args:{revision,autonomy:{authority:'near the loop',authorityResolver:'judge',notices:true}}});
+ if(code)await assert.rejects(set,{code});
+ else {await set;assert.equal(JSON.parse(readFileSync(join(root,'businesses/demo.json'),'utf8')).autonomy.authority,'near the loop');}
+});

packages/bus/tests/routes-verb.test.mjs

@@ -96,6 +96,9 @@ test('row 65 runtime: harnessLevels answers each module in the tree, and null fo
   assert.deepEqual(levels('pi'), ['off', 'minimal', 'low', 'medium', 'high', 'xhigh', 'max']);
   assert.deepEqual(levels('claude-code'), ['low', 'medium', 'high', 'xhigh', 'max']);
   for (const name of ['cursor', '', '../pi']) assert.equal(levels(name), null, name);
+  // AU (#1873): each module's own countsAccount answer, read once with its levels.
+  assert.deepEqual([levels.countsAccount('pi'), levels.countsAccount('claude-code')], [false, true]);
+  for (const name of ['cursor', '', '../pi']) assert.equal(levels.countsAccount(name), null, name);
   assert.deepEqual(logged, []);
 });
 

packages/cli/src/cli.mjs

@@ -703,7 +703,8 @@ async function bus(rest, io, deps) {
   if (["stop", "restart", "status", "recover"].includes(sub)) {
     const parsed = parse(args, { flags: sub === "status" ? ["--json"] : [] });
     if (parsed.positional.length !== 1) throw usage(`bus ${sub} takes one organization`);
-    if (sub === "recover") devOwnerInstance(io.env);
+    // D2 security review: recovery clears host state, so an agent run is refused before any read.
+    if (sub === "recover") { refuseInsideAgent(io.env); devOwnerInstance(io.env); }
     const ctx = organizationContext(io, deps), id = parsed.positional[0];
     const result = sub === "stop" ? await busStop(ctx, id) : sub === "restart" ? await busRestart(ctx, id) : sub === "recover" ? await busRecover(ctx, id) : await busStatus(ctx, id);
     io.stdout.write(`${JSON.stringify(result, null, parsed.flags.has("--json") ? 2 : 0)}\n`);

packages/cli/src/org-bus.mjs

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 import { randomBytes } from 'node:crypto';
 import { processState } from '../../seat/src/process-state.mjs';
 import { spawn } from 'node:child_process';
-import { constants, closeSync, lstatSync, mkdirSync, openSync, readFileSync, fstatSync, unlinkSync, writeFileSync } from 'node:fs';
+import { constants, closeSync, linkSync, lstatSync, mkdirSync, openSync, readFileSync, fstatSync, renameSync, unlinkSync, writeFileSync } from 'node:fs';
 import { connect } from 'node:net';
 import { join } from 'node:path';
 import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url';
@@ -151,6 +151,27 @@ export async function busRestart(ctx, id) {
   return busStart(ctx, id, { detach: true, ...options });
 }
 
+// D2 security review: clear only the entries busRecover inspected. Each is renamed aside (atomic)
+// and the renamed entry is checked by device and inode; an entry swapped after the inspection is
+// put back with everything moved so far, and the recovery refuses before any receipt or deletion.
+// The deletion then names only the aside entries, never the live paths.
+export function setAside(entries) {
+  const tag = randomBytes(4).toString('hex'), moved = [];
+  const restore = () => {
+    // link() refuses an existing path, so a put-back never replaces whatever now holds the name; an
+    // entry that cannot go back stays under its .recovering name for a person to inspect.
+    for (const m of moved.slice().reverse()) { try { linkSync(m.aside, m.path); unlinkSync(m.aside); } catch { /* left aside */ } }
+  };
+  for (const entry of entries) {
+    const aside = `${entry.path}.recovering-${tag}`;
+    let current;
+    try { renameSync(entry.path, aside); moved.push({ path: entry.path, aside }); current = lstatSync(aside); }
+    catch { restore(); fail('bus recovery state changed'); }
+    if (current.dev !== entry.st.dev || current.ino !== entry.st.ino) { restore(); fail('bus recovery state changed'); }
+  }
+  return { restore, remove: () => { for (const m of moved.slice().reverse()) unlinkSync(m.aside); } };
+}
+
 // Recover only while the org lifecycle fence excludes new starts and deletion.
 export async function busRecover(ctx, id) {
   return withOrgLifecycle(ctx, id, async () => {
@@ -177,10 +198,12 @@ export async function busRecover(ctx, id) {
     const h = state.value;
     if (!Number.isSafeInteger(h?.pid) || h.pid <= 0 || typeof h.startTime !== 'string' || !/^\d+$/.test(h.startTime) || typeof h.startedAt !== 'string' || !Number.isFinite(Date.parse(h.startedAt)) || h.business !== id) fail('invalid or mismatched bus host state');
     let p; try { p = processState(h.pid); } catch { fail('bus host identity is uncertain'); }
+    // A live pid with the recorded start time is the recorded process: never proof of death. Its argv
+    // only picks the message (D2 security review: a mismatching argv used to read as a dead host).
     if (p.alive && p.startTime === h.startTime) {
-      const argv = cmdlineOf(h.pid); if (!argv || !argv.length) fail('bus host identity is uncertain');
-      const i = argv.indexOf(CLI);
+      const argv = cmdlineOf(h.pid), i = argv?.indexOf(CLI) ?? -1;
       if (i >= 0 && argv[i + 1] === 'bus' && argv[i + 2] === 'start' && argv[i + 3] === id) fail(`bus host pid ${h.pid} is alive`);
+      fail('bus host identity is uncertain');
     }
     if (lock && (lock.value?.pid !== h.pid || lock.value?.startTime !== h.startTime || lock.value?.business !== id || lock.value?.startedAt !== h.startedAt)) fail('bus host lock does not match host state');
     if (writer) {
@@ -198,14 +221,43 @@ export async function busRecover(ctx, id) {
       if (occupied) fail('bus socket answers or is uncertain');
     }
     const entries = [state, lock, writer, socket].filter(Boolean);
-    for (const entry of entries) {
-      const current = lstatSync(entry.path);
-      if (current.dev !== entry.st.dev || current.ino !== entry.st.ino) fail('bus recovery state changed');
-    }
+    const aside = setAside(entries);
     const at = new Date().toISOString();
     const receipt = join(org.paths.hostDir, `recovery-${at.replace(/[:.]/g, '-')}-${randomBytes(4).toString('hex')}.json`);
-    writeFileSync(receipt, JSON.stringify({ action: 'bus.recover', at, org: id, stopped: true, host: h, lock: lock?.value ?? null, writer: writer?.value ?? null, socket: Boolean(socket) }, null, 2) + '\n', { mode: 0o600, flag: 'wx' });
-    for (const entry of entries.slice().reverse()) unlinkSync(entry.path);
-    return { org: id, recovered: true, pid: h.pid, receipt };
+    try { writeFileSync(receipt, JSON.stringify({ action: 'bus.recover', at, org: id, stopped: true, host: h, lock: lock?.value ?? null, writer: writer?.value ?? null, socket: Boolean(socket) }, null, 2) + '\n', { mode: 0o600, flag: 'wx' }); }
+    catch (e) { aside.restore(); throw e; }
+    aside.remove();
+    const result = { org: id, recovered: true, pid: h.pid, receipt };
+    // The dead host's start options, for busRevive. Not part of the printed receipt.
+    const o = h.options && typeof h.options === 'object' ? h.options : {};
+    Object.defineProperty(result, 'options', { value: Object.freeze({ devLocalOwner: o.devLocalOwner === true, pm: o.pm === true, noLaunch: o.noLaunch === true }) });
+    return result;
   });
 }
+
+// D2 (P0-3): bring back a bus whose host was killed, as a Console unit stop does to the hosts the
+// Console started. busRecover is the proof: it refuses a live or unprovable host, a lock that does
+// not match the dead host, a live writer and an answering socket. The host restarts on the options
+// the dead host recorded, never wider; `pm: false` also keeps the chief from launching.
+export function reviveStartOptions(recorded, { pm = true } = {}) {
+  const o = recorded && typeof recorded === 'object' ? recorded : {};
+  return { detach: true, devLocalOwner: o.devLocalOwner === true, pm: pm === true && o.pm === true, noLaunch: o.noLaunch === true };
+}
+export async function busRevive(ctx, id, { pm = true } = {}) {
+  await target(ctx, id);
+  const recovered = await busRecover(ctx, id);
+  const options = reviveStartOptions(recovered.options, { pm });
+  const cleared = { pid: recovered.pid, receipt: recovered.receipt };
+  let started;
+  try { started = await busStart(ctx, id, options); }
+  catch (e) {
+    // The dead host's state is gone by now: the caller must not report "nothing changed".
+    if (e && typeof e === 'object') { try { Object.defineProperty(e, 'recovered', { value: cleared }); } catch { /* frozen: the caller sees a plain failure */ } }
+    throw e;
+  }
+  const receipt = { ...started, recovered: cleared };
+  Object.defineProperty(receipt, 'done', { value: started.done });
+  // The chief was not relaunched although the dead host was started with --pm.
+  Object.defineProperty(receipt, 'pmDropped', { value: recovered.options.pm === true && !options.pm });
+  return receipt;
+}

packages/cli/tests/org-recovery.test.mjs

@@ -21,8 +21,9 @@ async function fixture() {
   const env = humanEnv({ HOME: root, MOSAIC_CONFIG: join(configDir, 'config.json') });
   const moduleUrl = new URL('../src/cli.mjs', import.meta.url).href;
   const code = `import { run } from ${JSON.stringify(moduleUrl)}; process.exitCode = await run(JSON.parse(process.argv[1]), undefined, {system: {dataRoot: process.argv[2]}});`;
-  const call = async (...args) => { const x = await exec(process.execPath, ['--input-type=module', '-e', code, JSON.stringify(args), dataRoot], { env }); return { out: { text: x.stdout }, err: { text: x.stderr } }; };
-  return { root, ctx, org, call };
+  const callWith = async (extra, ...args) => { const x = await exec(process.execPath, ['--input-type=module', '-e', code, JSON.stringify(args), dataRoot], { env: { ...env, ...extra } }); return { out: { text: x.stdout }, err: { text: x.stderr } }; };
+  const call = (...args) => callWith({}, ...args);
+  return { root, ctx, org, call, callWith };
 }
 const dead = 2147483647;
 const json = (path, value) => writeFileSync(path, JSON.stringify(value), { mode: 0o600 });
@@ -121,8 +122,9 @@ test('org lock show and clear require a provably dead holder', async () => {
 
 test('bus recover preserves evidence for dead and wrong-process hosts without signals', async () => {
   const f = await fixture(), dir = join(f.org.root, 'bus-host'); mkdirSync(dir, { mode: 0o700 });
+  // A wrong process is a live pid whose start time is not the recorded one (the pid was reused).
   for (const pid of [dead, process.pid]) {
-    const state = { pid, startTime: startTimeOf(pid) ?? '1', business: 'alpha', startedAt: '2026-01-01T00:00:00Z' };
+    const state = { pid, startTime: '1', business: 'alpha', startedAt: '2026-01-01T00:00:00Z' };
     json(join(dir, 'host.json'), state); json(join(dir, 'host.lock'), state);
     const x = await f.call('bus', 'recover', 'alpha');
     const result = JSON.parse(x.out.text);
@@ -138,6 +140,26 @@ test('bus recover preserves evidence for dead and wrong-process hosts without si
   assert.equal(process.pid > 0, true);
 });
 
+test('D2: bus recover refuses a live pid with the recorded start time, whatever its argv', async () => {
+  const f = await fixture(), dir = join(f.org.root, 'bus-host'); mkdirSync(dir, { mode: 0o700 });
+  const state = { pid: process.pid, startTime: startTimeOf(process.pid), business: 'alpha', startedAt: '2026-01-01T00:00:00Z' };
+  assert.match(state.startTime, /^\d+$/);
+  json(join(dir, 'host.json'), state); json(join(dir, 'host.lock'), state);
+  await assert.rejects(f.call('bus', 'recover', 'alpha'), /bus host identity is uncertain/);
+  assert.deepEqual(JSON.parse(readFileSync(join(dir, 'host.json'), 'utf8')), state);
+  assert.equal(existsSync(join(dir, 'host.lock')), true);
+  assert.ok(!readdirSync(dir).some(x => x.startsWith('recovery-')));
+});
+
+test('D2: bus recover refuses inside an agent run before it reads anything', async () => {
+  const f = await fixture(), dir = join(f.org.root, 'bus-host'); mkdirSync(dir, { mode: 0o700 });
+  const state = { pid: dead, startTime: '1', business: 'alpha', startedAt: '2026-01-01T00:00:00Z' };
+  json(join(dir, 'host.json'), state); json(join(dir, 'host.lock'), state);
+  await assert.rejects(f.callWith({ MOSAIC_AGENT_RUN: '1' }, 'bus', 'recover', 'alpha'), e => e.code === 3 && /outside any agent run/.test(e.stderr));
+  assert.equal(existsSync(join(dir, 'host.json')), true);
+  assert.ok(!readdirSync(dir).some(x => x.startsWith('recovery-')));
+});
+
 test('lock recovery refuses malformed or unreadable holders', async () => {
   const f = await fixture(), path = join(f.ctx.configDir, 'org-lifecycle-alpha.lock');
   for (const value of [{ pid: 0, at: '2026-01-01T00:00:00Z' }, { pid: dead }, null]) {

packages/cli/tests/org-revive.test.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,162 @@
+// D2 (P0-3): a Console unit stop (KillMode=mixed) SIGKILLs the bus hosts the Console started. These
+// tests start real bus hosts, kill them the same way, and check that busRevive and the Console-start
+// revive bring them back, and that a live host or a live writer lock is never taken over.
+import { test } from 'node:test';
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import { spawn, spawnSync } from 'node:child_process';
+import { existsSync, lstatSync, mkdtempSync, readFileSync, readdirSync, renameSync, rmSync, writeFileSync } from 'node:fs';
+import { join } from 'node:path';
+import { tmpdir } from 'node:os';
+import { reserveOrg, activateOrg, listOrgs } from '../../organization/src/org-registry.mjs';
+import { businessDoc, rolesCopy, writeJson } from '../../organization/tests/helpers.mjs';
+import { humanEnv, notifyConfig } from './helpers.mjs';
+import { busRevive, busStart, busStatus, busStop, setAside } from '../src/org-bus.mjs';
+import { reviveBuses } from '../../webui/src/bus-revive.mjs';
+
+const REPO = new URL('../../../', import.meta.url).pathname;
+const IDS = ['alpha', 'beta'];
+
+async function instance(t) {
+  const home = mkdtempSync(join(tmpdir(), 'rv-'));
+  const env = humanEnv({ HOME: home, MOSAIC_CONFIG: join(home, '.config/mosaic-rvtest/config.json') });
+  const setup = spawnSync(join(REPO, 'scripts/bootstrap.sh'), ['--instance', 'rvtest'], { env, encoding: 'utf8' });
+  assert.equal(setup.status, 0, setup.stderr);
+  const ctx = { configDir: join(home, '.config/mosaic-rvtest'), dataRoot: join(home, '.mosaic-rvtest'), instance: 'rvtest', env };
+  env.MOSAIC_ROLES_DIR = rolesCopy(home);
+  const roots = {};
+  for (const id of IDS) {
+    const org = await reserveOrg(ctx, id);
+    await activateOrg(ctx, id);
+    writeJson(join(ctx.configDir, 'businesses', `${id}.json`), businessDoc(home, id));
+    notifyConfig(org.root, id, null);
+    roots[id] = org.root;
+  }
+  const extra = [];
+  t.after(async () => {
+    for (const child of extra) { try { child.kill('SIGKILL'); } catch {} }
+    for (const id of IDS) { try { await busStop(ctx, id); } catch {} }
+    rmSync(home, { recursive: true, force: true });
+  });
+  return { ctx, roots, extra };
+}
+// What a Console unit stop does to a host it started: SIGKILL to the host and every process under it.
+// The host is a session leader (detached), so its process group is the test's own; `done` resolves
+// once the host is reaped, and the loop waits for the rest of the group to go.
+async function kill(receipt) {
+  process.kill(-receipt.pid, 'SIGKILL');
+  await receipt.done;
+  for (let i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
+    try { process.kill(-receipt.pid, 0); } catch (e) { if (e.code === 'ESRCH') return; throw e; }
+    await new Promise(r => setTimeout(r, 50));
+  }
+  throw new Error(`process group ${receipt.pid} did not go`);
+}
+const host = root => JSON.parse(readFileSync(join(root, 'bus-host/host.json'), 'utf8'));
+const recoveries = root => readdirSync(join(root, 'bus-host')).filter(name => /^recovery-.*\.json$/.test(name));
+
+test('D2: a SIGKILLed bus host comes back from one revive, on the options it was started with', { timeout: 120000 }, async t => {
+  const { ctx, roots } = await instance(t);
+  const first = await busStart(ctx, 'alpha', { detach: true, devLocalOwner: true, noLaunch: true });
+  await kill(first);
+  // What a Console unit stop leaves behind: the dead host's state, lock and socket.
+  assert.equal(existsSync(join(roots.alpha, 'bus-host/host.json')), true);
+  await assert.rejects(busStatus(ctx, 'alpha'), e => e.name === 'CliError' && /stale/.test(e.message));
+  const revived = await busRevive(ctx, 'alpha');
+  assert.notEqual(revived.pid, first.pid);
+  assert.equal(revived.recovered.pid, first.pid);
+  assert.equal((await busStatus(ctx, 'alpha')).healthy, true);
+  assert.deepEqual(host(roots.alpha).options, { devLocalOwner: true, pm: false, noLaunch: true });
+  assert.equal(recoveries(roots.alpha).length, 1);
+  const receipt = JSON.parse(readFileSync(revived.recovered.receipt, 'utf8'));
+  assert.equal(receipt.host.pid, first.pid);
+});
+
+test('D2: a live bus host is never taken over, and its state is left as it was', { timeout: 120000 }, async t => {
+  const { ctx, roots } = await instance(t);
+  const live = await busStart(ctx, 'alpha', { detach: true, noLaunch: true });
+  const before = readFileSync(join(roots.alpha, 'bus-host/host.json'), 'utf8');
+  await assert.rejects(busRevive(ctx, 'alpha'), e => e.name === 'CliError' && e.message === `bus host pid ${live.pid} is alive`);
+  assert.equal(readFileSync(join(roots.alpha, 'bus-host/host.json'), 'utf8'), before);
+  assert.equal(recoveries(roots.alpha).length, 0);
+  const status = await busStatus(ctx, 'alpha');
+  assert.equal(status.healthy, true);
+  assert.equal(status.pid, live.pid);
+});
+
+test('D2: a writer lock held by a live process refuses the revive, even with the host dead', { timeout: 120000 }, async t => {
+  const { ctx, roots, extra } = await instance(t);
+  const first = await busStart(ctx, 'alpha', { detach: true, noLaunch: true });
+  await kill(first);
+  // A live process the test started holds the writer lock.
+  const holder = spawn('sleep', ['60'], { stdio: 'ignore' }); extra.push(holder);
+  writeFileSync(join(roots.alpha, 'bus/writer.lock'), JSON.stringify({ pid: holder.pid, at: new Date().toISOString() }), { mode: 0o600 });
+  const lockBefore = readFileSync(join(roots.alpha, 'bus/writer.lock'), 'utf8');
+  await assert.rejects(busRevive(ctx, 'alpha'), e => e.name === 'CliError' && e.message === `bus writer pid ${holder.pid} is alive`);
+  assert.equal(readFileSync(join(roots.alpha, 'bus/writer.lock'), 'utf8'), lockBefore);
+  assert.equal(existsSync(join(roots.alpha, 'bus-host/host.json')), true);
+  assert.equal(recoveries(roots.alpha).length, 0);
+  // The Console-start revive leaves it too, and logs the refusal.
+  const lines = [], trail = [];
+  const results = await reviveBuses({ ctx, listOrgs, busStatus, busRevive, env: {}, trail: e => trail.push(e), log: line => lines.push(line) });
+  assert.deepEqual(results.find(r => r.id === 'alpha'), { id: 'alpha', outcome: 'refused' });
+  assert.ok(lines.some(line => line.includes(`alpha: refused (bus writer pid ${holder.pid} is alive)`)), lines.join('\n'));
+  assert.deepEqual(trail.filter(e => e.org === 'alpha').map(e => e.outcome), ['requested', 'refused']);
+  assert.equal(existsSync(join(roots.alpha, 'bus-host/host.json')), true);
+});
+
+test('D2: Console start brings both killed buses back and reattaches to one that still runs', { timeout: 180000 }, async t => {
+  const { ctx, roots } = await instance(t);
+  const a = await busStart(ctx, 'alpha', { detach: true, devLocalOwner: true, noLaunch: true });
+  const b = await busStart(ctx, 'beta', { detach: true, devLocalOwner: true, noLaunch: true });
+  await kill(a); await kill(b);
+  const trail = [], lines = [];
+  const results = await reviveBuses({ ctx, listOrgs, busStatus, busRevive, env: {}, trail: e => trail.push(e), log: line => lines.push(line) });
+  assert.deepEqual(results.map(r => [r.id, r.outcome]), [['alpha', 'revived'], ['beta', 'revived']]);
+  for (const id of IDS) {
+    const status = await busStatus(ctx, id);
+    assert.equal(status.healthy, true, id);
+    assert.equal(host(roots[id]).options.devLocalOwner, true);
+    assert.deepEqual(trail.filter(e => e.org === id).map(e => [e.action, e.outcome, e.by.sub]), [['bus.revive', 'requested', 'local-dev-owner'], ['bus.revive', 'done', 'local-dev-owner']]);
+  }
+  // A second Console start finds them running and leaves them.
+  const pids = Object.fromEntries(await Promise.all(IDS.map(async id => [id, (await busStatus(ctx, id)).pid])));
+  const again = await reviveBuses({ ctx, listOrgs, busStatus, busRevive, env: {}, trail: e => trail.push(e), log: () => {} });
+  assert.deepEqual(again.map(r => [r.id, r.outcome]), [['alpha', 'running'], ['beta', 'running']]);
+  for (const id of IDS) assert.equal((await busStatus(ctx, id)).pid, pids[id]);
+});
+
+test('D2: a start that fails after the dead state was cleared says so (error.recovered)', { timeout: 120000 }, async t => {
+  const { ctx, roots } = await instance(t);
+  const first = await busStart(ctx, 'alpha', { detach: true, noLaunch: true });
+  await kill(first);
+  // A record busStart refuses (--pm with --no-launch), rewritten in place: the clear goes through and
+  // the start that follows fails, the way a host that cannot come up would.
+  const file = join(roots.alpha, 'bus-host/host.json');
+  writeFileSync(file, JSON.stringify({ ...host(roots.alpha), options: { devLocalOwner: false, pm: true, noLaunch: true } }));
+  await assert.rejects(busRevive(ctx, 'alpha'), e => e.name === 'CliError' && /--pm or --no-launch/.test(e.message) && e.recovered?.pid === first.pid);
+  assert.equal(existsSync(file), false);
+  assert.equal(recoveries(roots.alpha).length, 1);
+});
+
+test('D2: an entry swapped after inspection is put back and nothing is removed', t => {
+  const dir = mkdtempSync(join(tmpdir(), 'aside-'));
+  t.after(() => rmSync(dir, { recursive: true, force: true }));
+  const a = join(dir, 'host.json'), b = join(dir, 'writer.lock');
+  writeFileSync(a, 'dead host', { mode: 0o600 }); writeFileSync(b, 'dead writer', { mode: 0o600 });
+  const entries = [{ path: a, st: lstatSync(a) }, { path: b, st: lstatSync(b) }];
+  // The swap: the inspected writer.lock is moved off (its inode stays in use) and a new one takes the name.
+  renameSync(b, join(dir, 'kept')); writeFileSync(b, 'live writer', { mode: 0o600 });
+  assert.throws(() => setAside(entries), e => e.name === 'CliError' && e.message === 'bus recovery state changed');
+  assert.equal(readFileSync(a, 'utf8'), 'dead host');
+  assert.equal(readFileSync(b, 'utf8'), 'live writer');
+  assert.deepEqual(readdirSync(dir).sort(), ['host.json', 'kept', 'writer.lock']);
+  // Unswapped, the entries go aside and remove() deletes only those.
+  renameSync(join(dir, 'kept'), b);
+  const fresh = [{ path: a, st: lstatSync(a) }, { path: b, st: lstatSync(b) }];
+  const aside = setAside(fresh);
+  assert.equal(existsSync(a) || existsSync(b), false);
+  writeFileSync(a, 'a new host', { mode: 0o600 });
+  aside.remove();
+  assert.deepEqual(readdirSync(dir), ['host.json']);
+  assert.equal(readFileSync(a, 'utf8'), 'a new host');
+});

packages/organization/src/autonomy.mjs

@@ -30,12 +30,15 @@ export function resolverSubject(business, resolver, target) {
 }
 
 // Aggregate provider/model limits cover names that do not exist yet. An account
-// quota covers every future launch only when every enabled harness uses that account.
-export function authorityBudgetCovered(business) {
+// quota covers every future launch only when every enabled harness's module declares
+// that its launches spend launch.account (its countsAccount export). The host passes
+// that answer as countsAccount(name) -> true|false|null; core names no harness, and
+// without the lookup no account quota counts.
+export function authorityBudgetCovered(business, {countsAccount=()=>null}={}) {
   const launch=business.launch, tokens=launch?.limits?.tokens, checks=business.plugins?.['limit-check']??[];
   const quota=x=>Number.isSafeInteger(x?.limit) && x.limit>=0 && typeof x.since==='string' && !Number.isNaN(Date.parse(x.since));
   const account=launch?.account?.name, harnesses=business.plugins?.harness??[];
-  if(account && harnesses.length && harnesses.every(h=>h==='claude-code') &&
+  if(account && harnesses.length && harnesses.every(h=>countsAccount(h)===true) &&
     (checks.includes('daily-quota') && quota(tokens?.daily?.[account]) ||
      checks.includes('token-limit') && quota(tokens?.keys?.[account]) && tokens.keys[account].reset===undefined))return true;
   const models=Object.values(launch?.models??{});

packages/organization/tests/autonomy.test.mjs

@@ -38,8 +38,25 @@ test('AU authority budgets cover all selectable models and only enforced account
  b.launch.limits.tokens.models={two:{n:cap}};assert.equal(authorityBudgetCovered(b),true);
  b.plugins['limit-check']=[];assert.equal(authorityBudgetCovered(b),false);
  b.launch.account={name:'shared'};b.launch.limits.tokens={keys:{shared:cap}};b.plugins['limit-check']=['token-limit'];
- assert.equal(authorityBudgetCovered(b),false);
- b.plugins.harness=['claude-code'];assert.equal(authorityBudgetCovered(b),true);
- b.plugins.harness.push('pi');assert.equal(authorityBudgetCovered(b),false);
- b.plugins.harness=['claude-code'];b.plugins['limit-check']=['daily-quota'];b.launch.limits.tokens={daily:{shared:{...cap,reset:'00:00',timeZone:'UTC'}}};assert.equal(authorityBudgetCovered(b),true);
+ // What today's two harness modules declare (packages/plugins/harness/*/index.mjs countsAccount).
+ const declared={countsAccount:h=>({'claude-code':true,pi:false})[h]??null};
+ assert.equal(authorityBudgetCovered(b,declared),false);
+ b.plugins.harness=['claude-code'];assert.equal(authorityBudgetCovered(b,declared),true);
+ b.plugins.harness.push('pi');assert.equal(authorityBudgetCovered(b,declared),false);
+ b.plugins.harness=['claude-code'];b.plugins['limit-check']=['daily-quota'];b.launch.limits.tokens={daily:{shared:{...cap,reset:'00:00',timeZone:'UTC'}}};assert.equal(authorityBudgetCovered(b,declared),true);
+});
+test('AU an account quota covers authority only when every enabled harness declares it spends the launch account (#1873)',()=>{
+ const cap={limit:0,since:'2026-01-01T00:00:00.000Z'};
+ const b={plugins:{harness:['alpha','beta'],'limit-check':['token-limit']},launch:{account:{name:'shared'},models:{one:{provider:'one',model:'m'}},limits:{tokens:{keys:{shared:cap}}}}};
+ const declares=map=>({countsAccount:h=>map[h]??null});
+ // The declared fact decides, whatever the harness is called.
+ assert.equal(authorityBudgetCovered(b,declares({alpha:true,beta:true})),true);
+ assert.equal(authorityBudgetCovered(b,declares({alpha:true,beta:false})),false);
+ assert.equal(authorityBudgetCovered(b,declares({alpha:true})),false,'an undeclared harness is not covered');
+ assert.equal(authorityBudgetCovered(b,declares({alpha:true,beta:'yes'})),false,'only true counts');
+ b.plugins.harness=['claude-code'];
+ assert.equal(authorityBudgetCovered(b,declares({'claude-code':false})),false,'the name alone covers nothing');
+ assert.equal(authorityBudgetCovered(b),false,'no lookup: fail closed');
+ // The provider/model branch needs no harness fact.
+ b.launch.limits.tokens.providers={one:cap};assert.equal(authorityBudgetCovered(b),true);
 });

packages/plugins/README.md

@@ -251,7 +251,9 @@ export returns:
   session credential (`no-session-credential`) and `MOSAIC_CLAUDE_BIN`.
 - `version({env})` is what the manifest records as `harnessVersion`.
 - `countsAccount()` says whether its launches spend `launch.account` and get
-  the row 126 account checks.
+  the row 126 account checks. The same answer decides whether an account
+  quota covers authority hires (#1873); the bus reads it once at start, so
+  return a constant.
 - `mounts`, `builtinWeb`, `builtins`, `typedName`, `reliesOn`,
   `gateTimeout`, `bundle`, `env`, `turnEnd`, `outputPolicy` and `transcript` give its
   sandbox binds, web, tool names, S0 lines, bundle files, adapter variables,

packages/plugins/tests/pinned.test.mjs

@@ -181,10 +181,16 @@ test('PL1 runtime discovers installed harness levels from the instance root',asy
  const {KINDS}=await import('../src/kinds.mjs');
  const f=fixture(t);f.manifest.kinds=['harness'];f.manifest.interfaceVersions={harness:1};
  mkdirSync(join(f.src,'harness'));
- writeFileSync(join(f.src,'harness/index.mjs'),KINDS.harness.exports.map(name=>`export function ${name}(){return ${name==='levels'?"['high']":'null'};}`).join('\n')+'\nexport const interfaceVersion=1;');
+ writeFileSync(join(f.src,'harness/index.mjs'),KINDS.harness.exports.map(name=>`export function ${name}(){return ${name==='levels'?"['high']":name==='countsAccount'?'true':'null'};}`).join('\n')+'\nexport const interfaceVersion=1;');
  const hash=f.seal();f.install(f.src,{expectedHash:hash});
  const levels=await harnessLevels({dataRoot:f.dataRoot,log:()=>{}});
  assert.deepEqual(levels('acmeplug'),['high']);assert.ok(levels.names.includes('pi'));
+ // #1873: the module's countsAccount answer, until the lock pins another package for that name.
+ assert.equal(levels.countsAccount('acmeplug'),true);
+ const lock=join(f.dataRoot,'plugins.lock.json'),doc=JSON.parse(readFileSync(lock,'utf8'));
+ doc.plugins.acmeplug.sha256='f'.repeat(64);writeFileSync(lock,JSON.stringify(doc));
+ assert.equal(levels.countsAccount('acmeplug'),null,'a replaced pin is not covered until restart');
+ assert.equal(levels.countsAccount('pi'),false,'a tree module keeps its answer');
 });
 
 test('PL1 invalid UTF-8 manifest bytes refuse instead of normalizing outside the pin',t=>{

packages/webui/src/bus-revive.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+// D2 (P0-3): when a dev-local-owner Console starts, it reattaches to the organization buses that
+// still run and brings back the ones a Console unit stop killed. The unit's KillMode=mixed sends
+// SIGKILL to the bus hosts the Console started; a host killed that way leaves its host.json behind,
+// which a host stopped on purpose (mosaic bus stop, Stop in the page) removes as it closes.
+//
+// For each active organization:
+//   - a bus whose state checks out (running, or stopped cleanly) is left as it is;
+//   - a bus whose state does not check out goes to busRevive, whose busRecover clears the state only
+//     when the host is proven dead (no live pid with that start time, the lock is the dead host's, no
+//     live writer, no socket that answers). Anything else refuses and the state stays for a person.
+// The chief is not relaunched (pm: false): no agent starts without a person's press.
+// Every attempt is a trail line before anything changes; a trail that cannot be written skips it.
+// A Console whose own environment carries an agent run's markers revives nothing (the human-only
+// rule `mosaic bus recover` and Restart bus's `mosaic org reload` follow).
+// While an organization's revive runs, revivePending(id) holds it, so a Restart bus press waits for
+// it instead of racing it for the lifecycle lock.
+import { DEV_OWNER } from '../../cli/src/dev-local-owner.mjs';
+import { AGENT_MARKERS } from '../../cli/src/transport.mjs';
+
+const isCliError = e => e?.name === 'CliError' && Number.isInteger(e.exitCode);
+const BY = Object.freeze({ ...DEV_OWNER, name: 'Console start' });
+const pending = new Map();
+
+export const revivePending = id => pending.get(id) ?? null;
+
+export async function reviveBuses({ ctx, listOrgs, busStatus, busRevive, trail, log = () => {}, env = process.env }) {
+  const results = [];
+  if (AGENT_MARKERS.some(k => env?.[k])) { log('bus revive: this Console runs inside an agent run; no bus was checked'); return results; }
+  let orgs;
+  try { orgs = await listOrgs(ctx); }
+  catch { log('bus revive: the organization list could not be read; no bus was checked'); return results; }
+  const active = (orgs ?? []).filter(org => org?.state === 'active').map(org => org.id);
+  const settle = new Map();
+  for (const id of active) {
+    let done;
+    const wait = new Promise(resolve => { done = resolve; });
+    pending.set(id, wait);
+    settle.set(id, () => { if (pending.get(id) === wait) pending.delete(id); done(); });
+  }
+  try {
+    for (const id of active) {
+      try { results.push(await reviveOne({ ctx, id, busStatus, busRevive, trail, log })); }
+      finally { settle.get(id)(); }
+    }
+  } finally { for (const release of settle.values()) release(); }
+  return results;
+}
+
+async function reviveOne({ ctx, id, busStatus, busRevive, trail, log }) {
+  let status = null;
+  try { status = await busStatus(ctx, id); }
+  catch (e) {
+    if (!isCliError(e)) { log(`bus revive: ${id}: bus state could not be read; left as it is`); return { id, outcome: 'uncertain' }; }
+  }
+  if (status) {
+    const outcome = status.healthy ? 'running' : Number.isSafeInteger(status.pid) ? 'not-answering' : 'stopped';
+    if (outcome === 'running') log(`bus revive: ${id}: bus answers; reattached`);
+    return { id, outcome };
+  }
+  try { trail({ by: BY, action: 'bus.revive', org: id, outcome: 'requested' }); }
+  catch { log(`bus revive: ${id}: the action trail could not be written; nothing was recovered`); return { id, outcome: 'trail-unavailable' }; }
+  const note = outcome => { try { trail({ by: BY, action: 'bus.revive', org: id, outcome, ...(outcome === 'failed' ? { recovered: true } : {}) }); } catch { log(`bus revive: ${id}: trail write failed after ${outcome}`); } };
+  try {
+    const receipt = await busRevive(ctx, id, { pm: false });
+    note('done');
+    log(`bus revive: ${id}: dead bus host cleared; bus started (pid ${receipt.pid})`);
+    if (receipt.pmDropped) log(`bus revive: ${id}: the dead host was started with --pm; the chief was not relaunched. mosaic bus stop ${id}; mosaic bus start ${id} --pm brings it back`);
+    return { id, outcome: 'revived', pid: receipt.pid };
+  } catch (e) {
+    // The reason names the organization id and pids only, never a host path (busRecover's and
+    // busStart's messages); an error that is not a CliError shows its code, not its text.
+    const reason = isCliError(e) ? e.message : `unexpected error${typeof e?.code === 'string' ? ` ${e.code}` : ''}`;
+    if (e?.recovered) {
+      note('failed');
+      log(`bus revive: ${id}: dead bus host cleared, but the bus did not start (${reason}); see mosaic bus status ${id}`);
+      return { id, outcome: 'failed' };
+    }
+    note('refused');
+    log(`bus revive: ${id}: refused (${reason}); left for mosaic bus status ${id}`);
+    return { id, outcome: 'refused' };
+  }
+}

packages/webui/src/cli.mjs

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ import { startTesterSocket } from './tester-socket.mjs';
 import { TESTER_CLI } from '../../cli/src/transport.mjs';
 import { views } from '../../bus/src/views.mjs';
 import { loadSystem, socketPath, orgPaths, REPO, rolesDir } from '../../cli/src/config.mjs';
-import { busStatus as orgBusStatus } from '../../cli/src/org-bus.mjs';
+import { busStatus as orgBusStatus, busRevive as orgBusRevive } from '../../cli/src/org-bus.mjs';
 import { listOrgs, resolveOrg } from '../../organization/src/org-registry.mjs';
 import { showOrg } from '../../organization/src/org-service.mjs';
 import { configDir } from '../../organization/src/organization-config.mjs';
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ import { readFileSync, statSync } from 'node:fs';
 import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url';
 import { isAbsolute, join } from 'node:path';
 import { actionTrail } from './action-trail.mjs';
+import { reviveBuses } from './bus-revive.mjs';
 import { agentLevelsWriteRoutes } from './agent-levels-write.mjs';
 import { RESTART_EXIT } from '../../cli/src/org-console.mjs';
 import { ID_PATTERN } from '../../organization/src/vocabulary.mjs';
@@ -235,6 +236,9 @@ try {
     console.log(`Listening: ${lan.bind}:${port}, allowed Host names ${lan.allowHosts.map(name => `${name}:${port}`).join(', ')}`);
   }
   console.log(`Mosaic Console: http://${urlHost}:${port}/\nBoard: ${options.board}\n${busLine}${queueLine}${previewLine}${ssoLines}${proofLine}${testerServer ? `\nTester Console: unix:${testerServer.address()} (binds the tester)` : ''}\nCtrl-C stops this server.`);
+  // D2 (P0-3): the dev Console reattaches to the buses that still run and brings back the ones its
+  // unit stop killed. It runs after the Console answers, so a slow bus never delays the page.
+  if (organizations && trail) reviveBuses({ ctx: { configDir: configDir(), dataRoot: system.dataRoot, instance }, listOrgs, busStatus: orgBusStatus, busRevive: orgBusRevive, trail, log: line => console.log(line) }).catch(() => console.log('bus revive: stopped on an unexpected error'));
   for (const signal of ['SIGINT', 'SIGTERM']) process.once(signal, () => { sso?.close(); server.close(); testerServer?.close(); });
 } catch (err) {
   console.error(`refused: ${err.message}`);

packages/webui/src/org-admin.mjs

@@ -16,7 +16,8 @@
 //   POST /api/orgs/ID/setup/queue           C2 queueInit     mosaic org queue init
 //   POST /api/orgs/ID/setup/project/P       C2 projectRepoInit  mosaic org project repo init
 //   POST /api/orgs/ID/setup/bus             C3 busStart      mosaic bus start --detach
-//   POST /api/orgs/ID/restart/bus           C3 busRestart    mosaic bus restart (F3; busStart when stopped)
+//   POST /api/orgs/ID/restart/bus           C3 busRestart    mosaic bus restart (F3; busStart when stopped;
+//                                           busRevive for a host that died, dev-local owner only, D2)
 //
 // GET /api/orgs (the list) and other /api/orgs/ID/... routes are S5's; this
 // handler returns false for them.
@@ -27,6 +28,8 @@ import { checkProject, initProject, projectRepo, recordContext } from '../../pro
 import { refuseInsideAgent } from '../../cli/src/transport.mjs';
 import { join } from 'node:path';
 import { actor } from './action-trail.mjs';
+import { DEV_OWNER } from '../../cli/src/dev-local-owner.mjs';
+import { revivePending } from './bus-revive.mjs';
 
 const ID = /^[a-z0-9][a-z0-9._-]{0,63}$/;
 const KEY = /^[A-Za-z0-9][A-Za-z0-9._-]{0,63}$/;
@@ -51,6 +54,7 @@ export function verbFor(step, id, opts = {}) {
   if (step === 'records') return `mosaic project init ${id} ${opts.project}`;
   if (step === 'bus') return `mosaic bus start ${id} --dev-local-owner --detach`;
   if (step === 'bus-restart') return `mosaic bus restart ${id}`;
+  if (step === 'bus-revive') return `mosaic bus recover ${id}; mosaic bus start ${id} --dev-local-owner --detach`;
   throw new Error(`unknown step ${step}`);
 }
 
@@ -563,7 +567,8 @@ async function route(req, res, { path, search, org, admin, principal, write, log
 // F3 (REQ-WEB-3): one control restarts an organization's bus and answers with a done receipt. A
 // running host restarts on the options it was started with (C3 busRestart keeps --dev-local-owner);
 // a stopped one starts as setup starts it. The trail line is written before anything changes, and
-// a trail that cannot be written refuses the restart. Stale host state is never cleared here.
+// a trail that cannot be written refuses the restart. Stale host state is cleared only for the
+// dev-local owner, and only through busRevive (D2), whose busRecover refuses a host it cannot prove dead.
 async function restartBus(req, res, { sub, write, id, ctx, service, admin, log, trail, by }) {
   const step = 'bus-restart';
   if (sub !== 'bus' || !write) return json(res, 404, { error: 'not found' });
@@ -571,11 +576,14 @@ async function restartBus(req, res, { sub, write, id, ctx, service, admin, log,
   try { await service.showOrg(ctx, id); } catch (e) { return refusal(res, e, { step, id }); }
   const bus = await need(admin, 'bus', res, step); if (!bus) return;
   if (!trail) return json(res, 503, { error: 'trail-unavailable', step, message: 'this Console has no action trail, so it does not restart buses' });
+  // D2: the dev Console's start-up revive may be bringing this bus back; the press acts on the result.
+  await revivePending(id);
   let status;
   try { status = await bus.busStatus(ctx, id); }
   catch (e) {
     if (['org-unknown', 'org-mismatch', 'org-unavailable', 'org-archived'].includes(e?.code)) return refusal(res, e, { step, id });
     if (isCliError(e)) {
+      if (isDevOwner(by) && typeof bus.busRevive === 'function') return reviveBus(res, { id, ctx, bus, log, trail, by, step });
       // Refused before anything changed, but the owner asked: the trail records the attempt.
       try { trail({ by, action: 'bus.restart', org: id, outcome: 'refused', running: null }); } catch { log(`org-admin: ${id} bus restart: trail write failed after refused`); }
       return json(res, 409, { error: 'bus-refused', step, message: `${plainMessage(ctx, e.message)}. Inspect it with mosaic bus status ${id}; mosaic bus recover ${id} clears a host that died.` });
@@ -600,3 +608,33 @@ async function restartBus(req, res, { sub, write, id, ctx, service, admin, log,
   try { healthy = (await bus.busStatus(ctx, id)).healthy; } catch { /* the receipt still stands */ }
   return json(res, 200, { outcome: 'done', step, restarted: running, healthy, receipt: forReceipt(ctx, receipt), verb: running ? verbFor('bus-restart', id) : verbFor('bus', id) });
 }
+
+// The dev-local owner exactly (packages/cli/src/dev-local-owner.mjs). A signed-in session carries
+// its provider's issuer, so no SSO user matches.
+const isDevOwner = by => by?.provider === DEV_OWNER.provider && by.iss === DEV_OWNER.iss && by.sub === DEV_OWNER.sub;
+
+// D2 (P0-3): the dev Console's Restart bus on a bus whose state did not check out. A Console unit
+// stop kills the hosts the Console started and leaves their state behind; busRevive clears that
+// state only when busRecover proves the host dead, then starts the bus on its recorded options.
+// A live or unprovable host, or a lock that is not the dead host's, refuses and nothing changes.
+async function reviveBus(res, { id, ctx, bus, log, trail, by, step }) {
+  try { trail({ by, action: 'bus.restart', org: id, outcome: 'requested', running: false, recover: true }); }
+  catch { return json(res, 500, { error: 'trail-unavailable', step, message: 'the action trail could not be written, so nothing was recovered' }); }
+  const note = outcome => { try { trail({ by, action: 'bus.restart', org: id, outcome, recover: true }); } catch { log(`org-admin: ${id} bus recover: trail write failed after ${outcome}`); } };
+  let receipt;
+  try { receipt = await bus.busRevive(ctx, id); }
+  catch (e) {
+    // busRevive marks a failure after busRecover cleared the dead host's state (e.recovered).
+    const cleared = Boolean(e?.recovered);
+    note(cleared ? 'failed' : 'refused');
+    if (!cleared && e?.code === 'org-locked') return json(res, 409, { error: 'bus-busy', step, message: `another bus or lifecycle action on ${id} is running, and nothing was changed. Press Restart bus again when it ends.` });
+    if (cleared) return json(res, 409, { error: 'bus-failed', step, message: isCliError(e) ? plainMessage(ctx, `The dead host's state was cleared, but ${e.message}`) : `The dead host's state was cleared, but the bus did not start. Check it with mosaic bus status ${id}.` });
+    if (!isCliError(e)) return refusal(res, e, { step, id, unknownOk: true });
+    return json(res, 409, { error: 'bus-refused', step, message: `${plainMessage(ctx, e.message)}. Inspect it with mosaic bus status ${id}.` });
+  }
+  note('done');
+  log(`org-admin: ${id} bus recovered and started`);
+  let healthy = null;
+  try { healthy = (await bus.busStatus(ctx, id)).healthy; } catch { /* the receipt still stands */ }
+  return json(res, 200, { outcome: 'done', step, restarted: false, recovered: true, healthy, receipt: forReceipt(ctx, receipt), verb: verbFor('bus-revive', id) });
+}

packages/webui/src/public/console-restart.js

@@ -146,7 +146,9 @@
       if (response.type === 'opaqueredirect') throw new Error('Sign in again, then retry.');
       const body = await response.json();
       if (!response.ok || body.outcome !== 'done' || body.step !== 'bus-restart') throw new Error(body.message || 'The restart was refused. Nothing was retried.');
-      busReceipt = `${body.restarted ? 'Bus restarted' : 'Bus started'} at ${clock()}. ${body.healthy ? 'It answers.' : `It has not answered yet. Check it with ${body.verb.replace('restart', 'status')}.`}`;
+      // D2: a recovered bus's verb is two commands; its check is the status verb.
+      const check = body.recovered ? `mosaic bus status ${id}` : body.verb.replace('restart', 'status');
+      busReceipt = `${body.recovered ? 'Dead bus host cleared; bus started' : body.restarted ? 'Bus restarted' : 'Bus started'} at ${clock()}. ${body.healthy ? 'It answers.' : `It has not answered yet. Check it with ${check}.`}`;
       // The page's send flags were read while the bus was in its old state; read them again. This
       // read goes through the page's fetch, which display.js scopes to the selected organization.
       // The organization list goes first, so the view the config event redraws shows the bus as it is now.

packages/webui/tests/bus-revive.test.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+// D2 (P0-3): the dev Console's start-up revive (bus-revive.mjs), on fakes. The real-host paths
+// (a SIGKILLed host, a live host, a live writer lock) are in packages/cli/tests/org-revive.test.mjs.
+import { test } from 'node:test';
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import { reviveBuses, revivePending } from '../src/bus-revive.mjs';
+import { reviveStartOptions } from '../../cli/src/org-bus.mjs';
+
+const cliError = (message, extra = {}) => Object.assign(new Error(message), { name: 'CliError', exitCode: 3 }, extra);
+const orgs = ids => async () => ids.map(id => ({ id, state: 'active' }));
+
+function run({ ids = ['alpha'], status, revive, trail, env = {} }) {
+  const calls = [], lines = [], trailed = [];
+  const done = reviveBuses({
+    ctx: {}, listOrgs: orgs(ids),
+    busStatus: async (ctx, id) => status(id),
+    busRevive: async (ctx, id, opts) => { calls.push([id, opts]); return revive(id); },
+    trail: trail ?? (e => trailed.push(e)),
+    log: line => lines.push(line), env,
+  });
+  return { done, calls, lines, trailed };
+}
+
+test('the start-up revive asks busRevive for pm:false, so no chief launches without a press', async () => {
+  const r = run({ status: () => { throw cliError('stale bus host lock'); }, revive: () => ({ pid: 77 }) });
+  assert.deepEqual(await r.done, [{ id: 'alpha', outcome: 'revived', pid: 77 }]);
+  assert.deepEqual(r.calls, [['alpha', { pm: false }]]);
+});
+
+test('reviveStartOptions keeps the recorded options, never wider, and pm only when both allow it', () => {
+  assert.deepEqual(reviveStartOptions({ devLocalOwner: true, pm: true, noLaunch: false }, { pm: false }), { detach: true, devLocalOwner: true, pm: false, noLaunch: false });
+  assert.deepEqual(reviveStartOptions({ devLocalOwner: true, pm: true, noLaunch: false }), { detach: true, devLocalOwner: true, pm: true, noLaunch: false });
+  assert.deepEqual(reviveStartOptions({ pm: false, noLaunch: true }, { pm: true }), { detach: true, devLocalOwner: false, pm: false, noLaunch: true });
+  // Anything but a literal true is false: a malformed record widens nothing.
+  assert.deepEqual(reviveStartOptions({ devLocalOwner: 'yes', pm: 1 }), { detach: true, devLocalOwner: false, pm: false, noLaunch: false });
+  assert.deepEqual(reviveStartOptions(null), { detach: true, devLocalOwner: false, pm: false, noLaunch: false });
+});
+
+test('a dropped --pm is logged with the way back', async () => {
+  const r = run({ status: () => { throw cliError('stale bus host lock'); }, revive: () => Object.defineProperty({ pid: 9 }, 'pmDropped', { value: true }) });
+  await r.done;
+  assert.ok(r.lines.some(l => l === 'bus revive: alpha: the dead host was started with --pm; the chief was not relaunched. mosaic bus stop alpha; mosaic bus start alpha --pm brings it back'), r.lines.join('\n'));
+});
+
+test('running, not-answering, stopped and unreadable buses are left alone and never trailed', async () => {
+  const states = { a: { healthy: true, pid: 1 }, b: { healthy: false, pid: 2 }, c: { healthy: false, pid: null } };
+  const r = run({ ids: ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'], status: id => { if (id === 'd') throw new Error('EACCES /secret/path'); return states[id]; }, revive: () => assert.fail('revived') });
+  assert.deepEqual(await r.done, [{ id: 'a', outcome: 'running' }, { id: 'b', outcome: 'not-answering' }, { id: 'c', outcome: 'stopped' }, { id: 'd', outcome: 'uncertain' }]);
+  assert.deepEqual(r.trailed, []);
+  assert.ok(!r.lines.join('\n').includes('/secret/path'));
+});
+
+test('a trail that cannot be written skips the revive', async () => {
+  const r = run({ status: () => { throw cliError('stale bus host lock'); }, revive: () => assert.fail('revived without a trail line'), trail: () => { throw new Error('disk full'); } });
+  assert.deepEqual(await r.done, [{ id: 'alpha', outcome: 'trail-unavailable' }]);
+  assert.deepEqual(r.calls, []);
+});
+
+test('a start that fails after the dead state was cleared is "failed", not "refused"', async () => {
+  const r = run({ status: () => { throw cliError('stale bus host lock'); }, revive: () => { throw cliError('bus failed to start; see bus-host/host.log in the runtime directory of organization alpha', { recovered: { pid: 4 } }); } });
+  assert.deepEqual(await r.done, [{ id: 'alpha', outcome: 'failed' }]);
+  assert.deepEqual(r.trailed.map(e => [e.outcome, e.recovered]), [['requested', undefined], ['failed', true]]);
+  assert.match(r.lines.at(-1), /^bus revive: alpha: dead bus host cleared, but the bus did not start \(bus failed to start;/);
+  // A non-CliError shows its code, never its text.
+  const q = run({ status: () => { throw cliError('stale bus host lock'); }, revive: () => { throw Object.assign(new Error('EIO /home/someone/x'), { code: 'org-locked' }); } });
+  assert.deepEqual(await q.done, [{ id: 'alpha', outcome: 'refused' }]);
+  assert.equal(q.lines.at(-1), 'bus revive: alpha: refused (unexpected error org-locked); left for mosaic bus status alpha');
+});
+
+test('revivePending holds each organization until its own revive ends', async () => {
+  let release;
+  const gate = new Promise(resolve => { release = resolve; });
+  const r = run({ ids: ['alpha', 'beta'], status: id => { if (id === 'alpha') throw cliError('stale bus host lock'); return { healthy: true, pid: 3 }; }, revive: async () => { await gate; return { pid: 5 }; } });
+  await new Promise(resolve => setImmediate(resolve));
+  const alpha = revivePending('alpha'), beta = revivePending('beta');
+  assert.ok(alpha instanceof Promise); assert.ok(beta instanceof Promise);
+  assert.equal(revivePending('gamma'), null);
+  let settled = false; alpha.then(() => { settled = true; });
+  await new Promise(resolve => setImmediate(resolve));
+  assert.equal(settled, false);
+  release();
+  await r.done;
+  assert.equal(settled, true);
+  assert.equal(revivePending('alpha'), null); assert.equal(revivePending('beta'), null);
+});
+
+test('a Console that runs inside an agent run revives nothing and reads no organization', async () => {
+  for (const marker of ['MOSAIC_AGENT_RUN', 'CLAUDECODE', 'CODEX_THREAD_ID']) {
+    let listed = false;
+    const lines = [];
+    const results = await reviveBuses({ ctx: {}, listOrgs: async () => { listed = true; return []; }, busStatus: () => assert.fail('read'), busRevive: () => assert.fail('revived'), trail: () => assert.fail('trailed'), log: line => lines.push(line), env: { [marker]: '1' } });
+    assert.deepEqual(results, []);
+    assert.equal(listed, false);
+    assert.deepEqual(lines, ['bus revive: this Console runs inside an agent run; no bus was checked']);
+  }
+});

packages/webui/tests/org-admin.test.mjs

@@ -565,3 +565,112 @@ test('a bus that refuses to restart is a visible failure and the trail says refu
   assert.deepEqual(tr.lines().slice(2), [{ by: DEV, action: 'bus.restart', org: 'acme', outcome: 'refused', running: null }]);
   assert.equal(c.calls.slice(before).filter(y => ['busStart', 'busRestart'].includes(y[0])).length, 0);
 });
+
+// D2 (P0-3): on the dev Console, Restart bus on a host that died (its state left behind by a
+// Console unit stop) clears that state through busRevive and starts the bus. busRevive's
+// busRecover is the proof; a live or unprovable host refuses and nothing starts.
+const cliError = message => Object.assign(new Error(message), { name: 'CliError', exitCode: 3 });
+const withRevive = (c, revive) => c.admin.bus().then(bus => {
+  bus.busStatus = async () => { throw cliError('stale bus host lock'); };
+  bus.busRevive = async (ctx, id, opts) => { c.calls.push(['busRevive', id, opts]); return revive(bus, id); };
+  return bus;
+});
+
+test('D2: the dev owner\'s Restart bus brings back a host that died, and the trail records the recovery', async t => {
+  const tr = trailIn(t);
+  const c = await console_(t, { trail: tr.trail });
+  await c.call('POST', '/api/orgs', { id: 'acme', doc: browserDoc('acme') });
+  await withRevive(c, (bus, id) => {
+    bus.busStatus = async () => ({ org: id, healthy: true, pid: 5151 });
+    return { org: id, pid: 5151, socket: '/data/org-runtime/acme/bus/broker.sock', root: '/data/org-runtime/acme', recovered: { pid: 4242, receipt: '/data/org-runtime/acme/bus-host/recovery-1.json' } };
+  });
+  const r = await c.call('POST', '/api/orgs/acme/restart/bus', {});
+  assert.equal(r.status, 200, r.raw);
+  assert.deepEqual(r.body, { outcome: 'done', step: 'bus-restart', restarted: false, recovered: true, healthy: true,
+    receipt: { org: 'acme', pid: 5151, socket: '<data root>/org-runtime/acme/bus/broker.sock', root: '<data root>/org-runtime/acme', recovered: { pid: 4242, receipt: '<data root>/org-runtime/acme/bus-host/recovery-1.json' } },
+    verb: 'mosaic bus recover acme; mosaic bus start acme --dev-local-owner --detach' });
+  assert.deepEqual(c.calls.filter(x => ['busRevive', 'busStart', 'busRestart'].includes(x[0])), [['busRevive', 'acme', undefined]]);
+  assert.deepEqual(tr.lines(), [
+    { by: DEV, action: 'bus.restart', org: 'acme', outcome: 'requested', running: false, recover: true },
+    { by: DEV, action: 'bus.restart', org: 'acme', outcome: 'done', recover: true },
+  ]);
+});
+
+test('D2: a host that is alive or unprovable still refuses on the dev Console, and nothing starts', async t => {
+  const tr = trailIn(t);
+  const c = await console_(t, { trail: tr.trail });
+  await c.call('POST', '/api/orgs', { id: 'acme', doc: browserDoc('acme') });
+  for (const reason of ['bus host pid 4242 is alive', 'bus host lock does not match host state', 'bus socket answers or is uncertain', 'bus host identity is uncertain']) {
+    await withRevive(c, () => { throw cliError(reason); });
+    const r = await c.call('POST', '/api/orgs/acme/restart/bus', {});
+    assert.equal(r.status, 409, reason); assert.equal(r.body.error, 'bus-refused');
+    assert.equal(r.body.message, `${reason}. Inspect it with mosaic bus status acme.`);
+  }
+  assert.equal(c.calls.filter(x => ['busStart', 'busRestart'].includes(x[0])).length, 0);
+  assert.deepEqual(tr.lines().map(e => e.outcome), ['requested', 'refused', 'requested', 'refused', 'requested', 'refused', 'requested', 'refused']);
+  // A host that was cleared but did not come back says so, without host paths.
+  await withRevive(c, () => { throw Object.assign(cliError('bus failed to start; see bus-host/host.log in the runtime directory of organization acme'), { recovered: { pid: 4242 } }); });
+  const f = await c.call('POST', '/api/orgs/acme/restart/bus', {});
+  assert.equal(f.status, 409); assert.equal(f.body.error, 'bus-failed');
+  assert.equal(f.body.message, "The dead host's state was cleared, but bus failed to start; see bus-host/host.log in the runtime directory of organization acme");
+  assert.deepEqual(tr.lines().slice(-1), [{ by: DEV, action: 'bus.restart', org: 'acme', outcome: 'failed', recover: true }]);
+  // Another lifecycle action holds the organization's lock: nothing changed, and the page says to press again.
+  await withRevive(c, () => { throw Object.assign(new Error('organization lifecycle lock is held; inspect the lock and resume'), { code: 'org-locked' }); });
+  const l = await c.call('POST', '/api/orgs/acme/restart/bus', {});
+  assert.equal(l.status, 409); assert.equal(l.body.error, 'bus-busy');
+  assert.equal(l.body.message, 'another bus or lifecycle action on acme is running, and nothing was changed. Press Restart bus again when it ends.');
+  assert.deepEqual(tr.lines().slice(-1).map(e => e.outcome), ['refused']);
+  // No trail, no recovery.
+  const broken = await console_(t, { trail: () => { throw new Error('disk full'); } });
+  await broken.call('POST', '/api/orgs', { id: 'acme', doc: browserDoc('acme') });
+  await withRevive(broken, () => assert.fail('busRevive ran without a trail line'));
+  const b = await broken.call('POST', '/api/orgs/acme/restart/bus', {});
+  assert.equal(b.status, 500); assert.equal(b.body.error, 'trail-unavailable');
+});
+
+test('D2: a signed-in (non-dev) owner keeps the stale-state refusal and never reaches busRevive', async t => {
+  const { Readable } = await import('node:stream');
+  const tr = trailIn(t);
+  const f = fakes();
+  await f.service.createOrg({}, 'acme', template('acme'));
+  const bus = await f.admin.bus();
+  bus.busStatus = async () => { throw cliError('stale bus host lock'); };
+  bus.busRevive = async () => assert.fail('busRevive reached from a signed-in session');
+  const call = async session => {
+    const req = Object.assign(Readable.from([Buffer.from('{}')]), { method: 'POST', headersDistinct: { origin: ['http://console.example'], 'sec-fetch-site': ['same-origin'], 'content-type': ['application/json'] } });
+    const res = { writeHead(status) { this.status = status; }, end(body) { this.body = JSON.parse(body); } };
+    await orgAdminHTTP(req, res, { path: '/api/orgs/acme/restart/bus', admin: f.admin, session, owner: true, send: true, origin: 'http://console.example', trail: tr.trail });
+    return res;
+  };
+  // An SSO owner, and a session that names the local-dev provider under another issuer.
+  for (const session of [{ provider: 'fixture', iss: 'https://issuer.example', sub: 'owner', name: 'jason', rootOwner: true }, { provider: 'local-dev', iss: 'https://issuer.example', sub: 'local-dev-owner', rootOwner: true }]) {
+    const r = await call(session);
+    assert.equal(r.status, 409); assert.equal(r.body.error, 'bus-refused');
+    assert.equal(r.body.message, 'stale bus host lock. Inspect it with mosaic bus status acme; mosaic bus recover acme clears a host that died.');
+  }
+  assert.deepEqual(tr.lines().map(e => [e.outcome, e.running, e.recover]), [['refused', null, undefined], ['refused', null, undefined]]);
+});
+
+test('D2: a press during the Console start-up revive waits for it and acts on the bus it brought back', async t => {
+  const { reviveBuses } = await import('../src/bus-revive.mjs');
+  const tr = trailIn(t);
+  const c = await console_(t, { trail: tr.trail });
+  await c.call('POST', '/api/orgs', { id: 'acme', doc: browserDoc('acme') });
+  const bus = await c.admin.bus();
+  let up = false, release;
+  const gate = new Promise(resolve => { release = resolve; });
+  bus.busStatus = async () => { if (!up) throw cliError('stale bus host lock'); return { org: 'acme', healthy: true, pid: 6161 }; };
+  bus.busRevive = async () => assert.fail('the press revived a bus the Console was already bringing back');
+  bus.busRestart = async (ctx, id) => { c.calls.push(['busRestart', id]); return { org: id, pid: 6262 }; };
+  const startup = reviveBuses({ ctx: {}, env: {}, listOrgs: async () => [{ id: 'acme', state: 'active' }], busStatus: bus.busStatus,
+    busRevive: async () => { await gate; up = true; return { pid: 6161 }; }, trail: () => {}, log: () => {} });
+  await new Promise(resolve => setImmediate(resolve));
+  const press = c.call('POST', '/api/orgs/acme/restart/bus', {});
+  await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, 50));
+  assert.equal(c.calls.filter(x => x[0] === 'busRestart').length, 0);
+  release();
+  await startup;
+  const r = await press;
+  assert.equal(r.status, 200, r.raw); assert.equal(r.body.restarted, true);
+  assert.deepEqual(c.calls.filter(x => x[0] === 'busRestart'), [['busRestart', 'acme']]);
+});